90 
[September, 
Pupa oval, very flat, 1 — 1^ mm. long, f mm. broad, yellowish, with some brownish 
dots and marks. Thorax and abdomen sharply raised on the upper side, the latter, 
on the middle line and on the sides, having small prominences, the rest of the broad 
and flat margin crenate. 
This species lives on Vaccinium uliginosum, and has hitherto been found by me 
only on one spot in the “ Caporner Haide,” near Konigsberg. The pupae, attached 
to the under-side of the leaves, fall with them to the earth and hibernate ; the per- 
fect insects are developed at the middle of June in the following year. 
Coccus comari, Kunow. ? , oval, a little longer than broad, beneath flat, 
above hemispherical ; colour clear brown ; the insect surrounded by a singular 
wreath-like white secretion. 
Head free, projecting downwards. Antennae and legs very short. Antennae 
9-jointed, the end joint the longest, the first two thicker than the rest, but of equal 
length with the third. The segments of the body, both on the upper and under- 
side, are perceptibly separable ; the apex with two small points. 
Length, — 3 mm. ; $ unknown. 
This species, which is found on Comarum palustre, sucking near the root, is 
distinguished in many respects from other species of the genus, so much so that a 
new genus might be founded on it. All the species of Coccus known to me move 
about up to the time of their maturity, then fasten themselves, and, as they are 
slowly perfected, lay their eggs in a white enveloping secretion. C. comari, on the 
contrary, sucks itself (saugt sich) fast precociously (probably, soon after coition), and 
never after leaves the place. (Hence the retardation of development in the legs.) 
The young ones are developed in the body of the still-living mother, and remove 
thence at the end of June. Locality, Dammhof, near Konigsberg. — Kunow, 
Konigsberg. 
On the mode of respiration in the larvae of the genus Euphcea ( Calopterygina ) . — 
On each side of segments 1 — 8 of the abdomen is a conical branchial appendage with 
unravelled edges ; three strong, equal, cylindrical caudal branchial appendages ; the 
rectal branchiae formed of three simple columns. 
The existence of lateral branchial abdominal appendages is known in the genus 
Sialis, but is altogether unique in the Odonata. Respiration in the larva of Euphcea is 
thus possible in four different manners. (1) by stigmata, two on the thorax and eight 
on the abdomen ; (2) by lateral branchial appendages well provided with tracheae ; 
(3) by caudal branchial appendages equally well provided with tracheae ; (4) by 
rectal branchiae formed of three columns in the mucous system of the rectum, well 
provided with tracheae. No doubt the four kinds of respiration do not act simulta- 
neously, and the stigmata of the abdomen probably never, as they only receive a simple 
tracheal branch, but the stigmata of the prothorax are provided internally with 
numerous well-developed tracheae, and perhaps serve for the expulsion of used air. 
— II. A. Hagen (translated and abridged from the Comptes Rend us of the 
Belgian Entomological Society, Meeting of the 1st May, 1880). 
[This is a most important physiological discovery, and shows how little is yet 
known of the structure of the larvae of Dragon-flies. The beautiful genus Euphcea 
inhabits tropical Asia and the islands of the Eastern Archipelago. — R. McL.] 
