Dicynodon. 55 
The skull is massive and remarkable in form, and is furnished 
with, a single pair of huge sharp-pointed tusks growing down- 
wards, one from each side of the upper jaw, like the tusks in 
the Walrus. No other kind of teeth were developed in these 
singular animals ; but the premaxillaries were confluent and 
sharp-edged, and formed with the lower jaw a beak-like 
mouth, probably sheathed in horn like the Turtles and Tortoises. 
Fig. 74. — Palatal aspect of cranium of Dicynodon, from the Karoo series of the Cape of 
Good Hope, S. Africa. £ pmx, premaxilla ; mx, maxilla ; vo, vomer ; pal, palatine ; 
pt, pterygoid ; bs, basisphenoid ; bo, basioccipital ; qu, quadrate ; tr ? transverse 
bone ? ; pin, posterior nares. 
Several species have been described from the Stormberg and 
Beaufort Beds of the Karoo series of South Africa, and the 
equivalent Gondwana series of Central India. So long ago as 
1885 remains of the genus were stated* to have been dis- 
covered in the reptiliferous sandstone of Elgin, Scotland, but 
they have not yet been described or figured (1890). 
Wall-case, 
No. 9. 
Table-case, 
No. 19. 
Dicynodon. 
Dicynodoili 
* See Prof. Jicld’s letter, “ Nature,” 1885, and Dr. R. H. Traquair, 
“British Association Re; orts, ’ Aberdeen Meeting, 1885. 
