328 Ward . — Recent Publications bearing on the 
order of development, &c. of the lateral roots the Mycorhiza 
behaves like an ordinary root ; but of course the emerging 
young root is covered by mycelium from the first. 
Further back, on older parts of the roots, the mycelium 
turns black and dies off : its life coincides with the activity 
of the younger parts, and may be longer or shorter according 
to circumstances. 
Sufficient has been said as to the ubiquity of the fungus, 
and its presence at all ages on all Cupuliferae. The Mycorhiza 
is (in beech and hornbeam) most abundant in the upper 
parts of the soil, among the vegetable remains ; the Truffles 
are also most abundant there, and Frank states that the 
ripe Truffles rest on and in a dense matting of Mycorhiza. 
As the roots go deeper, the Mycorhiza is rarer : this is 
quite in accordance with the known fact that the Saugwurzeln 
— i. e. young active lateral roots — are more sparsely developed 
on deeper roots, and the author’s point is made on learning 
that when they are found low down they are in the form 
of Mycorhiza. The assumption is that the growing root 
carries mycelium down with it. 
It is not superfluous to mention that numerous other plants 
growing in woods were examined, herbs, shrubs, and trees ; 
but birches, ashes, alders, elms, &c., &c. were all devoid of 
the fungus. The Mycorhiza is so far a special peculiarity of 
the Cupuliferae. 
Subsequently, Frank states that he has found a Mycorhiza 
here and there on species of Salix and Populus ; and also 
on pines, spruces, and firs in the neighbourhood of Berlin. 
This is noted as remarkable because Elaphomyces is not 
known in the places examined — it will be remembered that 
Reess had found it on pines. 
Frank then discusses the probability of the fungus having 
been seen by others, and comes to the conclusion that 
Gibelli 1 has mistaken it for a disease-producing parasite; 
R. Hartig’s Rosellinia (Rhizcctonia) quercina 2 is a totally 
1 ‘ Nuovo studi sulla malattia del Castagno detta dell’ inchiostro.’ Bologna, 1883. 
2 ‘ Unters, aus d. forstbotanischen Inst, zur Munchen,’ 1880, p. 1. 
