388 Jeffrey , — The Wound Reactions of Br achy phy llum. 
of considerable extent. It was consequently possible in this case to com- 
pare with the wound reactions of the living Araucarineae those of a closely 
allied form from the Raritan Cretaceous. Photograph 14, Plate XXVIII, 
which is exactly on the same scale of magnification as those of Br achy phy llum 
shown in photographs 1, 5, 6 , 7, and 9, shows a transverse view of the 
normal wood of the species above mentioned, from the Drummond pit. 
The field includes part of two annual rings, and the fossil wood differs 
clearly from that of Br achy phy Hum , as described in earlier paragraphs, 
in the presence of resinous elements similar to those found in the wood 
of the living Araucarineae. These can clearly be made out as dark dots 
scattered throughout the area of the photograph. Most of the tracheids 
are occupied by a substance, which is apparently of the nature of a fossil 
mucilage, and are obviously of somewhat larger diameter than those of 
Br achy phy llum. This fossil mucilage, if such it be, is to be compared with 
the similar substance, which is found in the tracheids of Araucaria and 
Dammara, in more or less diseased stems, as indicated above. Photograph 
15, Plate XXVIII, shows the margin of a wound in the species from the 
Drummond pit. It presents conditions identical with those found in the 
case of the existing Agathis and Araucaria , as illustrated by photograph 13. 
There is little reason to doubt that the wood in question belongs to an 
extinct species, in all probability of Araucaria or an allied genus, since 
Dr. Hollick has described leafy branches referable to that genus from the 
adjacent, although rather higher, deposits at Cliffwood, New Jersey (The 
Cretaceous Clay Marl exposure of Cliffiwood, N.J., PI. 12, Figs. 3# and 4, 
Trans. New York Acad. Sci., vol. xvi, 1896-7), and since remains of 
Araucaria are in general not uncommon in the Cretaceous beds of the 
Eastern United States. It will be well to defer the consideration of the 
significance of these facts until the wound reactions of other species of 
Br achy phy llum have been described. 
In the spring of 1905, at the instigation of the writer, Mr. S. A. 
Starrat, a student in the Geological Department of this University, during 
the spring season in the field, collected a large quantity of lignites from the 
well-known Cretaceous deposits of Gay Head on the Island of Martha’s 
Vineyard, Mass. Among these were some moderately well preserved 
specimens, which presented all the structural features of Br achy phy Hum. 
Their attribution to this genus is farther justified by the often described 
occurrence in the same beds of cone scales, of the type referred by Heer to 
the genus Dammara. These in all probability, in view of the results 
obtained by Dr. Hollick and the writer, in the case of a very similar species 
from Kreischerville, Staten Island {op. cit.), do not belong to Dammara 
(Agathis) at all, but to a new and undescribed genus, to which has been 
given the name Protodammara. Reasons have been adduced in the article 
cited, for the conclusion that Protodammara represents the cone scales of 
