Jeffrey. — The Wound Reactions of Brachyphyllum. 389 
Brachyphyllum. Photograph 16, Plate XXVIII, shows a view of the wood 
of one of the specimens from Martha’s Vineyard, under the same magnifica- 
tion as the wood of Br achy phy Rum from Kreischerville, shown in photo- 
graphs 1, 5, 6, 7, and 9. The tracheids are even smaller than in the latter 
species ; but there is the same absence of resiniferous elements in the wood, 
which is characteristic of Brachyphyllum in general. A marked feature of 
specific difference from the first described lignite, is the highly resinous 
character of the medullary rays, which appear as dark lines running across 
the field of the photomicrograph. Fortunately the specimen under con- 
sideration showed in one part a wound covered over by the layers of 
new growth, which are commonly found in injured woods. These folds 
contained rows of traumatic resin-canals. Photograph 17, Plate XXVIII, 
in which can be distinguished the same highly resinous rays as in the last 
photograph, shows a portion of one of these tangential rows of traumatic 
ducts. The ducts in this instance, as in the first mentioned species of 
Brachyphyllum (cf. photograph 10), contain mucilage as well as resin, 
the latter alone persisting in the sections, on account of the numerous 
solvents of resin employed in the process of embedding. In this respect 
they resemble the normal cortical resin-canals of the existing Araucaria 
and Agathis. Similar mucilaginous contents are found in the cortical 
canals of preserved leafy branches of Brachyphyllum , where they have not 
on the one hand been too much charred, or on the other hand become 
too much decayed in process of fossilization. This feature of the resin 
canals serves as one diagnostic character to separate Araucarineous remains 
from those of other groups of Conifers, and has been used by the writer, 
together with other characters, to distinguish the branches of Brachyphyllum 
from those belonging to the Cupressineae and Sequoiineae, of very similar 
habit (Hollick and Jeffrey, op. cit .). 
Through the kindness of Professor J. B. Woodworth of the Geological 
Department of this University, the writer had the opportunity of investi- 
gating lignites showing the structural peculiarities of Brachyphyllum , from 
that classic Potomac locality, the Dutch Gap Canal. The specimens were 
not nearly as well preserved as those from Staten Island and Martha’s 
Vineyard, but are nevertheless of very special interest on account of their 
much lower geological horizon. One of these lignites fortunately in 
addition to presenting the general ligneous characters of Brachyphyllum , 
showed very clearly the presence of two rows of traumatic k resin-canals 
in remote annual rings. The wound to which these were in all probability 
related does not appear in the lignitic fragment, but there seems to be 
no reason to doubt that the canals in question are traumatic, in view of the 
similarity to those described in the case of material from Staten Island and 
Martha’s Vineyard. Photograph 18, Plate XXVIII, illustrates at once the 
character of the traumatic canals and the rather bad state of preservation 
Dd2 
