39 ° Jeffrey . — The Wound Reactions of Br achy phy llum. 
of the wood, in this species. It resembles the species from Martha’s Vine- 
yard rather than that from Staten Island, in the resinous character of the 
rays ; but differs from it in the much larger size of the traumatic canals, as 
may be seen by comparing this photograph with photograph 17. The 
canals contain the same mucilaginous secretion, remaining after the removal 
of the resinous contents by solvents, as is seen in the species of wood 
of Br achy phy llum from Martha’s Vineyard and Staten Island. The refer- 
ence of the present lignite to Br achy phy llum is further justified by the 
description on the part of Fontaine in his well-known monograph on 
the plants of the Potomac beds, of a number of leafy branches belonging to 
that genus, as well as to the closely allied or identical genus Arthro- 
ta,xopsis. 
Conclusions. 
In his classic and admirable treatment of the fossil Conifers in Zittel’s 
Palaeontologie, Schenk separates those fossil Araucarian genera, charac- 
terized by often flattened two-ranked branches, as a distinct family under 
the caption Walchieae. This family is made to include not only the 
Mesozoic extinct Araucarineae of microphyllous habit, but also the Permian 
genus Walchia . Concerning the latter genus nothing need be said at the 
present time, since it is not closely related to forms like Br achy phy llum, 
and nothing is accurately known as to its nearer affinities, on account 
of the absence of necessary details in regard to its reproductive organs and 
internal structure. Excluding Walchia itself, the Walchieae comprise 
a number of extinct genera of very similar habit. The oldest of these 
is the Triassic Ullmannia , of which Count Graf zu Sol ms aptly remarks in 
his Palaeophytology, that it can scarcely be distinguished except strati- 
graphically from the Jurassic Pagiophyllum. Pagiophyllum likewise cannot 
be clearly separated from the Jurassic and Cretaceous genus Br achy phy llum, 
which is the subject of the present article. The anatomical characters of 
Brachyphyllum certainly justify the separation of the Walchieae from the 
living Araucarian type, represented by Agathis and Araucaria. It has 
been shown above that Brachyphyllum differs markedly both in the normal 
structure of its wood and in its traumatic reactions from the existing 
Araucarineae and allied species from the Cretaceous. In the absence of 
resiniferous elements among its tracheids, Brachyphyllum resembles the 
older Gymnosperms, as well as the arboreal extinct Lycopodiales and 
Equisetales. In this feature it also resembles the still existing but very 
ancient genus Pimis. With the living and, so far as we know, the extinct 
Abietineae, Brachyphyllum also agrees in the nature of its traumatic 
reactions, more closely than with the living type of the Araucarineae, for 
in this extinct and ancient genus resin-canals were formed, as a result of 
wounding, just as invariably as they are in the living Pice a and Abies. 
