56 Mas see. —A Monograph of 
Roum., Fung. Sel. Gall.(Reliq.Moug.) 1 10; Roum., Fung. GalL 
2616; Ellis, N.Amer. 1308; Karst., Fung. Fenn. 989 ; Fuckel* 
Fung. Rhen. 1246; Sydow, Myc. March. 215; Oudem., Fung. 
Neerl. 242 ; Berk., Brit. Fung. 258 ; Moug. and Nest., Stirp. 
Crypt. 182. ; Ex. Herb. Bot. Belg. (Westendorp) 282 ; Thum., 
Myc. Univ. 413. 
On the ground, especially in stubbie fields, not uncommon. 
Falmouth! Cambridge! Tansor, Norths.! Castle Howard, 
Yorks.! Carlisle! Coed Coch ! — U. States; S. Australia; 
New Zealand ; Africa; Teneriffe; Chili. 
Readily distinguished from C. striatus by the absence of 
the internal flutings, and the smooth outside of the peridium. 
The peridiola are large, black, and shining, and the funiculus 
white. . Gregarious ; about \ in. high. 
Yar. agrestis. 
Smaller, subhemispherical, margin erect. Tub, Mon. Nid. 
Ann. Sci. Nat., s6r. 3, 1, p. 83. 
Cyathus agrestis , Fr., Syst. Myc. ii, 298. 
On chips. Bulmer, Yorks. ! 
CRUCIBULUM, Tul. 
Peridium consisting of a double, thick, felt-like membrane, 
which is at first continuous over the apex as a flat epiphragm ; 
peridiola numerous, compressed, attached to a long cord, 
which originates from a nipple-like tubercle situated centrally 
on one of the flattened surfaces. 
Crucibulum , Tul., Mon. Nid. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, i, p. 89 ; 
Sacc., Syll. vii, p. 43. 
Cyathus , Pers., Grev. 
Nidularia , Sow., Fries. 
Cannot be confounded with any other genus if attention is 
paid to the peculiar structure of the peridiola. 
Crucibulum vulgare, Tul. (Fig. 52). Peridium thick, dirty 
cinnamon or greyish, externally minutely tomentose, smooth 
