Notes. 
1 68 
bear upon its upper surface a phyllodineous flap ; and (3) the lid, which 
is the simple flattened termination of the leaf. It will thus be seen 
that in Sarracenia as in Nepenthes Dr. Macfarlane’s interpretation of 
the leaf is more complicated that my own. The discrepancy of our 
views depends chiefly upon a difference in the way of drawing the dis- 
tinction between the wings and the pinnae produced upon the wings ; 
Dr. Macfarlane would appear to recognise any convexity of margin of 
the wing, however slight, and however late in its appearance, as a 
leaflet or pinna, whereas I should reserve these terms for only such 
growths as arise at an early period in definite order upon the wings, 
and appear as convexities with a clearly defined contour. Pursuing 
his less rigorous method, Dr. Macfarlane finds himself landed in a 
view as to these leaves which is too unwieldy to appear natural ; my 
own interpretation has at least the quality of relative simplicity. 
On first putting forward my views as to the morphology of the leaf, 
I recognised that difficulties might present themselves in drawing a 
distinction between a wavy contour of the wings and the pinnae 
which may be produced upon the wings, and that it might be argued 
that such a distinction could not be clearly defined 1 ; it is obviously 
impossible to lay down exactly a limit of that curvature of contour 
which shall be recognised as characteristic of the pinnae, and say that 
any curvature of greater radius should be regarded as a mere wavy 
growth of the wing ; nevertheless with regard to the leaves above dis- 
cussed I venture to think that Dr. Macfarlane has in his application of 
the term ‘ leaflet’ distinctly exceeded the common and convenient use 
of that term. 
F. O. BOWER, Glasgow. 
F NOTE ON ATTEMPTS TO INDUCE APOSPOROUS 
DEVELOPMENTS IN PERNS. — It is now known that in at 
least four distinct genera of Ferns growths of an oophytic nature may 
be produced directly from the sporophyte, without the intervention of 
spores: in all these cases the phenomenon of apospory appeared 
spontaneously, i. e. without any intentional exposure of the plants by 
man to peculiar circumstances. But the further fact that apospory 
had been artificially induced by Pringsheim and by Stahl in certain 
Mosses suggested the possibility that it might similarly be induced in 
Ferns. I accordingly made numerous cultures with this object in 
1 Phil. Trans. 1884, Part II, p. 61 1. 
