1 88 Atkinson . — A Monograph of the 
After fertilization, the carpospores are developed from a 
whorl of ooblastema-filaments which grow from the terminal 
cell (carpogenic cell) of the procarp and form large clusters 
on the interior of the sexual shoot. Figs. 58 and 60 represent 
them in L. ( Sacheria ) fucina Bory, var. mamillosa and L. 
( Sac her id) jluviatilis A g. Fig. 59 represents them in L. 
australis Atk. Figs. 18, 43 and 46 represent carpospores 
more highly magnified. 
Having familiarized ourselves with the forms of the 
Lemanea-plant, and its structure, it will now be in order to 
take up the study of the development from the carpospores 
to the maturity of the sexual shoot. 
III. Development. 
1. Germination of the Carpospores. The germination of the 
carpospores can be studied very easily in the autumn, by 
collecting the remains of old sexual shoots of Lemanea and 
examining them in the material which is in a fair progress of 
disintegration. The time will vary to some extent for the 
different species, and different temperatures, due either to 
seasonal climatic variation, latitude, or temperature of the 
stream. I have studied the germination of the carpospores in 
two species, one species of the subgenus Sacheria , and one of 
the subgenus Lemanea. 
The carpospore is oval, elliptical, or oblong, more or less 
irregular in outline, varying to a limited extent in shape and 
size in some species, though this character alone cannot be 
relied on for the distinction of species. The protoplasm is 
highly granular, somewhat yellowish, or bluish-green when 
recently matured. The carpospore possesses a distinct 
central nucleus and nucleolus. 
The germ-tube begins by a protrusion of the wall at a 
point. Fig. 2 represents the beginning stage in the subgenus 
Sacheria (. Lemanea fucina Bory). Reagents were applied 
before making the drawing to bring out more clearly the 
relation of the spore- wall. Fig. 3 represents a farther 
