Lemaneaceae of the United States. 205 
Sacheria the terminal branching not being so profuse, the 
antheridia are borne in patches upon the ‘knots’ or ‘papillae.’ 
In some cases, by the examination of the external contour 
of a sexual shoot, antheridial patches can be found scattered 
irregularly over the surface of the procarp-zones. These 
arise from the terminations of redundant generative filaments, 
which are borne near the ray-cells and do not reach the 
antherid-zone. Fig. 44 m represents one of these. They 
are of frequent occurrence in the middle of well-developed 
portions of the sexual shoot of some species of the subgenus 
Lemanea , and of common occurrence in species of both sub- 
genera near the distal extremity. 
Development of the Procarp. The procarp arises as a special 
branch from the generative filament. It consists of several, 
three to ten or more, oval cells extending from the side of the 
generative filament between the cells of the wall ; the terminal 
cell, carpogenic cell, is surmounted by the trichogyne, which 
penetrates through the intermediate layer and cortex to the 
outside of the sexual shoot. The trichogyne terminates as 
a simple short straight projection, or it is bent to one side, 
often slightly forked, and sometimes ending in several pro- 
jections. See Figs. 13, 38, 39. The trichogyne is hyaline, 
the protoplasm very finely granular. 
In the subgenus Sacheria the procarp consists of three or 
four cells. It is much shorter than in subgenus Lemanea , for 
the reason that in the latter subgenus the generative filaments 
are separate from the wall. Fig. 13 shows the three cells of 
a procarp in the subgenus Sacheria (Z. fucina ). The cells 
gradually become smaller from the generative filament to the 
trichogyne. 
In the subgenus Lemanea the procarp is composed of four 
to ten or more cells. The individual cells are usually somewhat 
smaller than in the subgenus Sacheria , and are proportionately 
more nearly equal in size. The variations in the length of 
the procarp in the subgenus Lemanea depend principally upon 
the part of the generative filament from which it arises, 
since the filament is farther distant from the wall at the 
