Lemaneaceae of the United States. 2 1 £ 
the zone where the procarps are developed, probably from a 
young procarp. 
Apogamy and Apospory . A still farther departure from the 
normal manner of branching occurs frequently in Lemanea 
annulata . This I discovered while examining the external 
contour of the sexual shoots of some material from Santa 
Cruz, Cal. Very young sexual shoots were found growing 
from the surface of others which were in the period of anthesis. 
In the examination of several individuals I found that the 
young ones had their origin in a median zone of the procarp- 
zones. As this is the point where the greater number of pro- 
carps are produced, in the subgenus Lemanea , I at once 
inferred that the young sexual shoots had their origin from 
the procarp. Upon examination of several specimens carefully 
dissected I found my surmise to be correct. Fig. 45 repre- 
sents one of the preparations. The young sexual shoot b con- 
sists of an apical cell and six primary cells ; the two basal ones 
have begun to divide. The sexual shoot arises from the 
terminal cell of the procarp g, which is the fifth one of the 
procarp a from the generative filament f. In several cases I 
could clearly discern this in still younger sexual shoots. In 
other cases it appeared to arise from the cells which bud off 
from the other cells of the procarp, in this subgenus. This 
view would also seem to be justified from some specimens 
which presented a crowded cluster of young sexual shoots 
arising directly out of the wall at a procarp, but all such cases 
which I examined were in a too advanced condition of de- 
velopment to determine accurately. 
In material of the subgenus Sacheria (L. fncina) collected 
in Island Brook, Bridgeport, Conn., I have observed elements 
of the Chantransia- form growing from the cells of a procarp, 
probably, which at the same time developed a branch of the 
main sexual shoot. In specimens of S. fncina from Ithaca, N. Y. 
branches of the sexual shoot have been found to arise where 
the main sexual shoot is broken. In a number of such I have 
demonstrated that the branch arose from the generative 
filament, and its basal cells developed the Chantransia- form. 
