256 Scott and Sargant. — On the Pitchers of 
The petiolar glands develop early, and soon cease to be 
functional. They are for a time almost equal in size to the 
young leaves themselves. They were present and in full 
activity on the very young scale-leaves of the bud figured, in 
transverse section, in Fig. 5, pg. They were also present and 
functional on the foliar organs of the bud from a pitcher- 
bearing stem, shown, in longitudinal section, in Fig. 4, pg. 
These organs may be either young pitchers or foliage-leaves ; 
the stage is too early for us to be certain, but from the position 
of the bud, on a branch which has already produced a pitcher, 
the presumption is rather in favour of these organs being 
themselves young pitchers 1 . 
On the pitcher | in. long, already described, the petiolar 
glands were still present, but a phellogen, forming cork, had 
already arisen below the secreting epithelium, so that the 
gland was at this stage ceasing to be functional. 
On the pitcher -§ in. long, the petiolar glands, though present, 
were completely out of function ; the walls of the epithelium 
were much thickened ; a well-marked hypodermal layer of 
flattened, thick-walled cells had arisen from the divisions of the 
phellogen. Treatment with strong sulphuric acid showed that 
all the walls of the epithelial layer, and all but the inner walls 
of the hypodermal layer, were strongly cuticularized (see 
Fig. 7). In the older leaves and pitchers these glands are 
entirely absent, a scar marking their former position. 
The laminar glands are somewhat later in development 
than those on the petiole. In the apical bud shown in Fig. 5 
they w r ere not yet developed. At the first node, immediately 
below the actual bud, they were present in an early stage of 
development. At the next node below this they were already 
functional, though not yet mature. Their number is variable; 
in the scale-leaves we found two or three, on the foliage-leaves 
and pitchers four or five. The size of the mature glands is 
also very variable, and so is their shape, which is generally 
rather conical, often narrowed at the base, where the epithelial 
layer ceases (see Fig. 8). These glands are seated on a cushion 
1 Cf. Treub, 1 . c. p. 19. 
