408 Macfarlane. — Observations on Pitcher ed 
towards the orifice. This device undoubtedly will help to 
herd insects upwards, just as the internal hairs are arranged 
for impelling them in a downward direction, and a similar 
condition is slightly indicated in 5 . Drummondii . Among 
the hairs are many honey-glands of ordinary structure, viz. 
four subjacent and two smaller upper secreting cells. Along 
the ventral wing both hairs and glands are more densely 
massed than over the general surface, so that the front 
wing here is evidently developed as the special insect 
pathway. This is not the condition in all the species, as 
has erroneously been supposed. Towards the arched top of 
the pitcher, clear window-like areas occur quite resembling 
those of Darlingtonia in appearance and structure, as well 
as in absence of external and internal hairs and glands. 
Round these areas the hairs are so disposed that each is 
a fenced enclosure open only above, for while the lower and 
upper hairs are directed upwards, the lateral ones point ob- 
liquely towards the area. These areas therefore may act as 
temporary resting-places for smaller insects, allowing them 
time to overcome fear excited through the impediment offered 
by the hairs to their feet. 
At the junction of the outer and inner epidermis, the 
honey-glands are very abundant ; also the cells of the latter 
begin to project inwards as short, toothlike processes. These 
are continued round the interior to form the upper limit of 
the conducting area. The attractive area, which is here the 
inner surface of the arched lid, has strong hairs of moderate 
length (Plate XIX, Figs. $a and#') and honey-glands. The 
junction of attractive and conducting surfaces is sharply 
marked to the naked eye, but microscopically examined it 
exhibits a very gradual merging of the one into the other. 
The transition from conducting to detentive surface is also 
gradual, and glands are found (Fig. 5) on both. These are 
rather sparingly scattered over the former, are specially 
numerous on the upper part of the latter, but entirely 
disappear towards the bottom of the tube. 
It will now be seen that the adaptations for insect-catching 
