4 i 8 Macfarlane. — Observations on Pitcher ed 
have attempted to trace in the pitchers. In all, the epidermal 
cells of the ovarian surface have undergone repeated divisions, 
and have swollen out into minute glassy beads or tubercles 
(Pl. XIX, Fig. u), from which a quantity of rich nectar exudes, 
before, during, and for some time after blossoming. This, as 
we will show, is evidently of great use in the pollination of 
the flower. 
( c ) Heliamphora. 
On the flower-stalk are two or three sheathing sessile bract- 
leaves. These display a considerable abundance of glands like 
those of the outer leaf-surface. The same remark applies to 
the four or five rosy- white sepals (PI. XIX, Fig. io). I have 
had no opportunity of examining the structure of the ovarian 
surface, though Bentham describes it as being hairy. 
To sum up the genera: all have ‘ attractive ’ glands on their 
sepals, and Sarracenia and Heliamphora also on the bracts, 
these secreting what might be called extra-floral nectar. 
Sarracenia further has a huge glandular ovarian surface for 
the secretion of intra-floral nectar. 
IV. Arrangements for Pollination in the flowers 
of Sarracenia. 
As previously mentioned (p. 413), flying insects of the 
dipterous or hymenopterous groups are those mostly found to 
frequent, and to be caught in, the pitchers. But the species 
caught are not the most specialized flower-pollinators ; the 
bluebottle and wasp having smooth bodies and feebly- 
developed leg-hairs. A special arrangement exists, therefore, 
to suit their condition 1 . 
When a flower has nearly opened the stamens begin to 
dehisce, and as the blossom has a pendulous position the 
pollen from the stamens is showered down into the umbrelloid 
style-cavity below. But about this time the warted bead-like 
ovarian surface exudes large drops of sweet juice, which 
increases in quantity as the stamens continue to dehisce, 
1 When I prepared the account given above I was not aware Dr. Masters had 
published a description in the Gardener’s Chronicle, vol. xv (n. s.), 1881, p. 628. 
