Insectivorous Plants ( Part II). 427 
f In this place I have to mention peculiar formations the 
existence of which I intimated before (p. 39), and which 
are only found on the wax- covered portion of the inside of 
pitchers. These are one-celled formations of peculiar form 
rising obliquely over the flat epidermis. The outer partition, 
which rises in a very small angle over the even part of the 
epidermis, is vaulted in the form of a saddle ; there, where 
it begins to descend, the cells are spread in pretty large 
number in the epidermis, and lie always so that the saddle- 
like depression is directed towards the bottom of the pitcher. 
They are only distinctly to be recognized after removal 
of the waxy covering by which they too are covered, and 
which after melting in boiling water, or application of alcohol, 
fastens itself generally in the depressions. These cells have 
no glandular character at all, and the supposition which 
Oudemans occasionally expresses, viz. that possibly through 
them the secretion of the waxy granules is effected, appears 
to be unfounded, because the granules are spread irregularly 
all over the outer skin and are by no means to be found 
in greatest numbers in the immediate neighbourhood of the 
cells. These are evidently formations to be put with the 
one-celled hairs, and are only remarkable in so far as they are 
broader than high, so that their broad diameter is twice as 
great as their length.’ These stud the conducting surface 
of all species in which this is of any depth. Dickson sug- 
gested that they might be modified stomata, since each 
‘ transverse excrescence ’ was shaped like a stomatic guard- 
cell. He did not however find direct proof. By careful 
examination of several forms, most successfully of N. hybrida 
(N. khasyana crossed by N. gracilis ) and N. albo-marginata , 
I have found in adult pitchers every transition between these 
and perfectly formed stomata. Reference to developing 
pitchers furnished verification of the observations on adults. 
While the pitcher of N. hybrida is still only one and a half or 
two inches long, the formation of stomata can be seen to pro- 
ceed quite normally. Later they begin to be obliquely placed, 
and in pitchers about two and a half or three inches long, 
