43 8 Macfarlane .■ — Observations on Pitcher ed 
and Mr. Lindsay to show them the pitcher, a living one of the 
size that had been watched was inextricably struggling in the 
bottom. Whether it was the observed one of the previous 
evening could not be determined. This was the first oppor- 
tunity that presented itself of proving that the marginal gland- 
secretion is exceptionally attractive, but to further verify this 
I have since watched ants for hours. The results confirm and 
amplify what has already been said. Running up the stem 
the insects turn to right and left in quest of food ; a globular 
drop oozed out from an alluring stem-gland arrests them for 
a time ; at this they sip and tear, the secretion being viscid, 
or often dried into a white sugar-like substance. Leaving 
this they pass on to the leaf-base, and almost invariably keep 
its under side. This, as already stated, appears to be a device 
to shade them from enemies and warm sun. Not only so, in 
many species the alluring laminar glands are greatly massed 
along the sides of the thick mid-rib, and the shadow on one 
side of it affords further protection. Moving on restlessly 
and sipping as they go, they reach the tendril, which in some 
species, notably N. bicalcarata , offers a rich feast. The wing- 
like pitcher-flaps and areas between are more beset with 
alluring glands than the rest of the exterior, and along this 
therefore, in most cases, they pass till they come to the orifice. 
The attractive lid- glands prove in most species, particularly 
in N. sanguine a, N. khasyana , and N. Phyllamphora , a great 
attraction, but even these sink into insignificance if the insect 
reaches the marginal glands. Straining to get at the orifices 
of the glands, they over-reach, and, falling into the cavity, in 
very rare cases indeed, out of the dozens that I have watched, is 
escape possible. The irregular and struggling efforts made 
by insects on the conducting surface of a pitcher is highly 
instructive, and demonstrates how extremely effective it is for 
the work in hand. 
It will thus be seen that running insects frequent Nepenthes 
in our conservatories, unlike the Sarracenioids, which, as already 
stated, are practically only visited by flying ones. It is not 
that the latter are excluded, for on warm days, when the top 
