54 
lies, whose real sway in Anahuac 
only began towards 1425 and hardly 
lasted one century. In 1455 Ato- 
nal tzin king of Miztecas although 
helped by the Tlascalans was taken 
and his kingdom conquered. This 
king is elsewhere called Yaguitlan. 
The Miztecas rebelled in 1480, 
and in 1486 the Zapotecas resisted 
the whole power of Mexico. But at 
last became tributary; yet in 1506 
and 1507 they both were at war again 
with Mexico. 
Although overjoyed at the down- 
fall of the Mexicans, effected by 
100,000 Tlascalans and allies among 
which were some Miztecas, and 900 
Spaniards under Cortez: they did 
not readily submit to the Spanish 
yoke and tribute after the fail of 
Mexico in 1521. 
In 1522 the Zapotecas defeated 
Sandoval, and were only conquered 
in 1526 by Olmedo (see Diaz,) but 
they have often rebelled against the 
Spaniards. In 1 57£ the Miztecas 
were at war with the Spaniards and 
the Zapotecas; these had been con- 
ciliated by the mild rule of their 
Lord Cortez, who established only 
a small quit rent on land, without 
any forced labour: this system has 
made Oaxaca a flourishing city and 
province. 
The Zapotecas and Miztecas are 
represented as the handsomest In- 
dians of Mexico, nearly white, and 
the females are beautiful, as white 
as the Spanish women. This also 
happens in Zacatecas, a province of 
the former Olmecas: therefore it ap- 
pears that this race is distinct from 
the Azteca or Mexican nation in 
features as well as languages: not- 
withstanding that some writers 
Wrongly , assert that the Olmecas 
spoke the same language as the Az- 
tecas and Toltecas. The Mixes 
have sometimes long beards and re- 
semble European; they are a tribe 
of Miztecas. Thus we find by in- 
vestigation that the nations and lan- 
guages of the Mexican States are as 
easily reduced to a small number as 
those of the remainder of North 
America. 
The Theogony, Cosmogony and 
religion of the Miztecas and Zapo- 
tecas was also very different from 
the Mexicans, although they had 
latterly adopted their bloody rites of 
the god of evil. The Miztecas of 
Cuilapo according to a book written 
by a Spanish monk in the Mizteca 
language and figures, (preserved by 
Garcias) ascribe their origin to a god 
and goddess named Lion Snake and 
Tyger Snake dwelling in Apoala or 
heavenly seat of Snakes before the 
flood. They had two Sons (or na- 
tions) an eagle called Wind of 9 
Caves i and a Dragon or Winged 
Snake called Wind of 9 Snakes . 
They were driven from Jlpoala for 
their wickedness and perished in a 
great flood. In Jlpoala we find the 
Tlapala or ancient seat of the Mexi- 
cans: which is perhaps th eApalachi 
mountains of North America, where 
was once the holy mountain, temple 
and cave of Olaimi (see Brigstock) 
which name recalls to mind the 
Olmecas ! and all these names an- 
swer in import and sound to the 
Olympus of the Greeks. 
The Zapotecas had similar but 
more definite ideas. Ahcabohuil 
was the Creator of all things; but a 
divine man and divine woman 
Xchmel and Xtmana were the pro- 
genitors of mankind and of the 3 
great gods Avan god of heaven, Baca 
god of earth and ChevangoA of hell. 
These 3 brothers are surprizingly 
alike in import and names with the 
Trimurti or triad of the Hindus, the 
3 manifestations of the Deity Visit- 
nu , Brama , and Shivenl 
This same triad was worshipped 
in Chiapa, Yucatan, Hay ti and many 
other parts of America, under names 
not very unlike, such as 
Izona, Vacah and Estruah in Chi- 
apa. 
Izona, Bacab and Echvah in Yu- 
catan. 
Bugia, Bradama and Aiba in 
fiayti. 
