16 
fragment on Botany is interesting; 
this new theory of Agardh is cer- 
tainly an improvement on the actual 
belief of many eminent Botanists, 
that all the organs of vegetations 
are mere modified forms of the leaf, 
variously unfolded, separated, or 
soldered. Both, however, appear 
too systematical, and the roots, 
stems, fruits, &c. do not appear to 
be easily reducible toihese notions. 
That positive characters do belong 
or ought to belong to each natural 
group of animals and plants, is to 
me as evident as day -light: the op- 
posite opinion has been the great 
stumbling block to the beautiful na- 
tural method of Botany, and a great 
hindrance to its general adoption. 
Unless we admit this, there will be 
no line demark a tion between a 
man and a monkey, a dog and a cat, 
a rose and a blackberry, an oak and 
a chesnut tree. 
1 % Selection of twenty-four out of 
one hundred new species of Plants 
of North America, sent to Europe 
in 1828, by C. S. Rafinesque. 
1. Any chia Polygonoides, Raf. 
discovered, 1818. Stem dichoto- 
mous, lax, erect, puberulent; leaves 
patent, linear cuneate, acute, nearly 
smooth, stipules lanceolate; flowers 
solitary in dichotomy, subpedicel- 
late, erect. From the mountains 
Alleghany, and estival like the three 
following, six inches high. 
2. Anychia fastigiata , Raf. disc. 
1820. Stem dwarfish, erect, pube- 
rulent, subdichotome, fastigiate; 
leaves addressed, linear cuneate, 
acute; flowers crowded, fastigiate, 
secund, subsessile. From Kentuc- 
ky, one or two inches. 
3. Anychia conferta, Raf. disc. 
1821. Stem erect, dichotome, pu- 
berulent; leaves linear cuneate, 
acute, serrulate; flowers crowded, 
fastigiate, bracteate, pedunculate. 
From knobs of Kentucky, annual, 
three or four inches. 
A. Anychia lateralis, Raft disc. 
X 821 . Stem procumbent, dichotome, 
divaricate ; leaves remote, short, li- 
near cuneate, -entire; branchiets uni- 
lateral; flowers sessile, lax or remote. 
Arid hills of Kentucky, one to three 
inches. 
5. Polygonum squamosum , Raf. 
disc. 18i8. Stem diffuse; leaves 
smooth, obtuse, linear longer than 
internodes; stipules scafiose, acumi- 
nate, lacerate, elongate, equal to in- 
ternodes; flowers solitary, axillary, 
sessile. From West Kentucky, an- 
nual, section octandrous, estival. 
6. Polygonum hyssopifolium , Raf. 
disc. 1818 . Stem erect, slender, ra- 
mose, striate ; leaves lax, remote, 
linear, elongate, acute; stipules in 
cylindrical sheaths, end setose, or 
ciliate; racemes filiform; flowers re- 
mote, often binate or ternate. Lower 
Ohio, annual? one foot. S . Gr. Per- 
sic aria. 
7. Urtic a gracilis, Rat. disc. 1818. 
Stem smooth, slender, yellowish, 
with four furrows ; leaves opposite, 
remote and small, petiolate, lanceo- 
late, trinervate, serrate, acuminate 
and smooth; capitules of flowers ax- 
illary, pedicellate, geminate, form- 
ing a whorl of four, shorter than 
petioles. From Kentucky, annual, 
estival, one or two feet high. 
8. Urtic a verna, Raf. disc. 1822. 
Differs from the last, by leaves ovate, 
acute, not acuminate ; flowers axil- 
lary and sobspicate; capitules nearly 
sessile, opposite. Kentucky, in 
woods: vernal, annual, one or two 
feet. 
9. Monarda rigida, Raf. disc. 
1818. Stem stiff, rough, hirsute; 
leaves sessile, ovate, nearly obtuse, 
stiff', ciliate, subserrate; capitule pe- 
dunculate, involucre pentaphyllous, 
lanceolate, ciliate, acute; as long as 
flowers; corolla smooth, apex of up- 
per lip villose. In West Kentucky, 
hilly barrens, perennial, two or three 
feet high, flowers flesh coloured. 
10. Scutellaria radicata, Raf. disc. 
1818. Root annual, very long; stem 
small, ramose; leaves on long peti- 
oles, ovate, ciliate, obtuse, small, 
broadly serrate : flowers terminal, 
axi 1 lary, 1 arge, pubescent. Off river 
Ohio, three to six inches, differs from 
