8 
chitecture, Masonry, Carpentry. 
Music, Languages, Mathematics, 
and all the sciences. 
The schools are all free and gra- 
tuitous, except the Boarding schools. 
The girls are taught sewing, handy- 
work, embroidery, and all the trades 
suitable and befitting females to earn 
a living! 
There are also schools for the un- 
fortunate, for the blind, the lame, 
the cripples, the deformed, all of 
which are taught trades suitable to 
their state, and enabling them to 
earn their living by useful labor. 
There are 34 public libraries in 
Paris, all free to every one, open 
and accessible every day, with po- 
lite librarians and servants to help 
readers. The largest, or the royal 
library, contains 500,000 volumes ! 
the next 170 , 000 , the third 93 , 000 . 
The library of the Institute has 
70,000 volumes, the city library 
42 , 000 ; the other from £000 to 
30 , 000 . French books are printed 
and sold at one-third of the price of 
English books, with a rapidity be- 
yond belief, and thus circulated all 
over Europe. Old books and se- 
cond-hand books are told for a mere 
trifle in the streets by 1000 pedlars, 
or on benches. 
The public garden and museum, 
are the Emporium and palace of 
natural sciences. Open and free to 
every one; in the garden, agricul- 
ture and gardening are taught gra- 
tis, and seeds given to all who ap- 
ply. All the natural sciences are 
taught by free lectures and demon- 
strations to whoever attends. 
The Louvre, or palace of fine arts, 
is opened to the public every day, 
even Sundays, and crowded by vis- 
itors. 
Fifty other Institutions have pe- 
culiar Cabinets, Museums, Galleries, 
with free admittance and free lec- 
tures ; in all the medical sciences, 
History and Literature, Mining, 
Engineering, &c. 
No fees are taken by Professors 
and Assistants, for teaching, de- 
monstrating and waiting on visitors. 
No present is allowed, much less 
exacted as in England by servants 
and underlings. 
The samelhappens all over France. 
Free schools are scattered over the 
whole country,and free Institutions, 
Libraries, Museums, Gardens, Ly- 
ceums, &c., in all the principal 
towns and cities. Lectures on 
Farming are given by practical far- 
mers, on trades by mechanics. 
The expenses of these free Insti- 
tutions are borne by the state, the 
cities, or foundations for the purpose! 
but chiefly paid out of the public ex- 
pense, under the title of Public In- 
struction. The most useful, and 
most honourable mode of spending 
public money. 
Consequences * 
The happy results of this state of 
things, are that the French are be- 
come a great people, at the head of 
civilized Europe, and withal a mo- 
ral people! much better off and 
more moral than the English. The 
former idle gallantry and vicious 
courses are become quite uncom- 
mon. The French peasantry are 
industrious, frugal, orderly, kind, 
cheerful and contented. There are 
no paupers as in England. A few 
beggars only are licensed under pe- 
culiar circumstances, if unlicensed 
they are taken up as vagabonds. 
Vices and crimes are much less in 
number and atrocity than in Eng- 
land. Wine sells every where for 
one to three cents the bottle, yet 
intoxication is hardly known. No 
brandy, and no alcoholic liquors are 
drunk to poison and brutalize the 
^body and mind. 
Sir A. Faulkner exclaims in des- 
pair? “ England is famous for char- 
ities to the helpless, but neglects to 
prepare the people to help them- 
selves. When we reflect on the 
peculiar facilities of access to books, 
lectures, museums, cabinets, &c. in 
Paris and all over France, gratis to 
all \ we have a ready solution why 
the French community at large are 
so much advanced in civilization 
and refinement, before any other 
