56 
the past present and future, or power, 
life and death, or the rising blazing 
and setting of the Sun or some other 
consimilar ideas instead of heaven, 
earth and hell, although they always 
apply to the triple manifestations of 
the Deity distinguished and person- 
ified in Creation, Preservation and 
Destruction. This subject which 
might be pursued much further, may 
indicate a primitive conformity of 
religious ideas in mankind all over 
the world. 
Seventeen languages and dialects 
of Anahuac or the Mexican States 
are said to have been reduced to 
grammars and dictionaries by the 
Spanish missionaries; Vater and the 
other philologists do not appear to 
have known them all. In order to 
draw thereon the attention of those 
who dwell in Mexico, I shall attempt 
to enumerate all the Mexican dia- 
lects under 4 series, 1 well known, 
2 Little known, 3 Hardly known 
and 4 Totally unknown to the learn- 
ed and historians. It will be obvi- 
ous that the 2 latter series require 
chiefly the attention of those who 
may have the opportunity to travel 
or dwell in Mexico. 
1st Series. Languages or dialects 
well known of which we have ample 
vocabularies and grammars known 
to the learned — 1. Azteca or true 
Mexican. 2. Otopii. 3. Mizteca. 
4. Maya. 5. Cora. 6. Totonaca. 
7. Pima. 8. Poconchi. 
2d Series; Little known to the 
learned at least, but well known in 
Mexico as there are grammar^ &c. 
of them. 1. Tarasca. 2. Huasteca. 
3. Yaqui. 4. Popoluca. 5. Matlazin- 
ca. 6.Mixe. 7. Kiche. 8.Cachiquel. 
9. Tarahumara. 10. Tepehuanan, 
&c. Of these I have procured al- 
ready ample vocabularies of the two 
first. 
3d Series. Hardly known, of 
which we possess as yet but few 
words. 1. Zapotecas. 2. Zacatecas. 
3. Choi. 4. Chontal. 5. Pininda. 6. 
Opata. 7. Endeve. 8. Quelene, &c. 
4th Series. Quite unknown for 
lack of materials, although they are 
yet spoken languages, and some are 
but dialects of those above. 1. Ut- 
lateca. 2. Cohuichi. 3. Tlahuichi. 
4. Zoque. 5. Marne. 6. Chiapaneca. 
7. Chochona. 8. Mazateca. 9. Cuis- 
cateca. 10. Popaloava. ll.Tubar. 
12. Yumas- 13. Seres. 14. Moba, 
&c. Besides many dialects of Cali- 
fornia, Texas and New Mexico. 
Although they may be mere dia- 
lects it is needful and desirable to 
have materials on each, so as to re- 
duce this to a certainty and to trace 
their mutual analogies or deviations, 
as well as the probable time of the 
separation of the tribes. 
These 40 Mexican dialects will 
thus be reduced very probably to 5 
or 6 primitive languages, as those of 
the United States have already been 
reduced to seven, the Onguy, Lenih, 
Chacfah, Otaly, Capaha, Skere, and 
Nachez, by myself in the manuscript 
history of the American nations. 
And in the whole of North and South 
America hardly 25 original langua- 
ges and nations are met with, al- 
though actually divided in 1500 
tribes and dialects; as the actual 
European languages, only 6 in num- 
ber originally, are now divided into 
600 dialects, some of which are even 
deemed peculiar languages at pre- 
sent. 
Thus these original or mother lan- 
guages of Europe are the Pelagian, 
Celtic, Cantabrian, Teutonic or 
Gothic, Thracian or Slavonian, and 
Finnish. And out of the Gothic 
have sprung the English, Dutch, 
German, Danish, Swedish, &c. 
which were once mere dialects, but 
are now become languages having 
many dialects of their own. 
-^ 0 ©- 
6. History and Zoology. 
The Domestic Animals of Mankind 
and the American Natio?is. 
By C. S. Rafinescire. 
I mean by domestic animals those 
which have been tamed by mankind, 
and dwell in freedom with men, be- 
coming subservient to their use; by 
no means those which are pursued 
or kept in chains and cages. 
