xoo 
ed souls became stars. These be- 
liefs are quite different from Juda- 
ism, and besides this rite was com- 
mon to Egypt, Ethiopia, Edom, 
Colchis, &c. 
6. None of the American tribes 
have the striking sharp Jewish fea- 
tures, and physical conformation. 
7. The Americans eat hogs, hares, 
fish, and ail the forbidden animals 
of Moses; but each tribe abstain 
from their tutelar animals, or badges 
of families of some peculiar sort, as 
we abstain from the dog and horse 
without any rational cause. 
8. The American customs of 
scalping, torturing prisoners, cani- 
balism, calumet, painting bodies, 
and going naked even in very cold 
climates, are totally unlike the He- 
brew customs. 
9. A multitude of languages ex- 
ist in America, which may perhaps 
be reduced to twenty-five radical 
languages and two thousand dialects 
and sub-dialects. But they are of- 
ten unlike the Hebrew in roots, 
words and grammar: they have by 
far more analogies with the Sanscrit, 
Celtic, Bask, Pelagian, Berber, Ly- 
bian, Egyptian, Persian, Turan,&c. 
or in fact all the primitive languages 
of mankind. 
10. The Americans cannot have 
sprung from a single nation, because 
independently of the languages, 
their features and complexions are 
as various as in Africa and Asia. — 
We find in America; white, tawny, 
brown, yellow, olive, copper, and 
even black nations as in Africa. Al- 
so dwarfs and giants, handsome and 
ugly features, flat and aquiline noses, 
thick and thin lips, &c. 
Let us now examine your proofs. 
1. You say all the Americans had 
the same god, Yohewah: this is ut- 
terly false. This was the god of the 
Chactas and Floridans. I have found 
a multitude of names for it among 
the Unitarians. Many had triple 
gods or trimurtis as in Hindostan 
and with names nearly Sanscrit. 
Polytheism, idolatry and a complex 
mythology prevailed among all the 
most civilized nations. All the an- 
cient religions were found in Ameri- 
ca, Theism, Sabeism, M agism, Hin- 
duism, Shamanism, Fetichism, &c. 
but no Judaism! 
2. The few examples you give of 
affinities with the Hebrew language, 
belong only to the Floridan and Ca- 
raib languages. I could show you 
ten times as many in the Aruac, 
Guarani, &c. but what is that, com- 
pared with the 100.000 affinities 
with the primitive languages. 
3. All the civilized American had 
a priesthood or priestly caste, and 
so had the Hindus, Egyptians, Per- 
sians, Celts, Ethiopians! were they 
all Jews? 
4. Tribes are found among all the 
ancient nations, Arabs, Berbers, 
Celts, Negroes, &c. who are not 
Jews. The most civilized nations 
had castes instead of tribes in Ame- 
rica as well as Egypt and India: the 
Mexicans, Mayans, Muhizcas, Pe- 
ruvians, &c. had no tribes. The 
animals badges of tribes are found 
among Negroes and Tartars as well 
as our Indians. 
5. Arks of covenant and cities of 
refuge are not peculiar to the Jews; 
many Asiatic nations had them, also 
the Egyptians, and nine-tenths of 
our American tribes have none at 
all, or have only holy bags, some- 
what like Talismans or Fetiches. 
6. The religious cry of Meluyah 
is not Jewish, but primitive, and 
found among the Hindus, Arabs;, 
Greeks, Saxons, Celts, Lybians, &c. 
under the modification of hulili , 
yuluhi , luluycih , &c. other Ameri- 
cans called it ululaez , gualulu , ctlu - 
yuh , &c. 
7. The mentioned traditions of 
our Indians or rather the Algonquin 
stock only, point to a N. W. origine; 
but the Natchez, Apalachians, Ta- 
lascas, Mexicans, Mayans, Muhiz- 
cas, Haytians, &c. have traditions 
to have come from the East or through 
the Atlantic Ocean. It is important 
to distinguish the American nations 
of Eastern origine from the later in- 
vaders from Tartary: they are as 
