168 
and 77 per cent with the Taino 
of Hay ti in the 16th century, 
both spoken by Aruac nations. 
This fine nation seems to 
have overspread* South Amer- 
ica to the very end, altho’ it 
may be one of the last come 
from the East, since nearest 
to the Atlantie shores, and 
with striking philological an- 
alogies with the ancient na- 
tions of Europe and North Af- 
rica. 
The Aruacs were spread 
over all the West Indies, except 
where driven off by their foes 
the Caribs, they were mingled 
with them in Guyana, Colum- 
bia and Brazil, under many 
names; even the Taos or Chi- 
quitos of Chaco appears to 
have been a branch, since they 
have 80 per cent analogy in 
languages with the Taino. 
The famous Muhizcas so 
early civilized were also a kin 
to them, since they have 62 
percent analogy with the Tao, 
67 per cent with the Patagon. 
The other nations of South 
America with 50 per cent and 
upwards analogy with the Pa- 
tagons are, 
Darien 68 per cent. 
Mbaya 64 per cent. 
Lule and Yilela 50. 
While in North America we 
find the Mayan, Chontal and 
Poyais each 60 per cent. Ta- 
rasca 50 &c. 
Thus becomes evident how 
absurd and erroneous is the 
opinion that American lan- 
guages have no mutual affini- 
ties, and that the Patagons are 
a peculiar species of gigantic 
men. C. S. R. 
123. N. G. Cauxoma. Raf. 
This is a fine N. G. of radi- 
ate plants, discovered in 1818 
in the barrens of West Ken- 
tucky, deemed then doubtful, 
seen again in 1823 and ascer- 
tained to be a peculiar G. near 
to Eudbeckia and Sarcheta : the 
name means edged stem. 
Cauxoma. Perianthe in dou- 
ble series 12 parted, , Phoran- 
the convex, with biform chaffs, 
external flat membranaceous, 
internal linear carinate, am- 
plectens, thick above. Rays 12 
bidentate. Seeds oblong com- 
pressed naked, no teeth. 
C. tomentosa Raf. Stem yir- 
gate simple, angular winged, 
wings tomentose; leaves sessile 
remote decurrent, lanceolate 
rhomboidal, tomentose, end ser- 
rate acuminate: flowers termi- 
nal glomerate subsessiletomen- 
toes, perianthe lanceolate acute, 
rays yellow lanceolate. 
A singular plant 1 or 2 feet 
high, entirely wooly, blossom- 
ing in June and July. 
124. Principles of the Philoso- 
phy of new Genera and new 
species of Plants and Ani- 
mals. 
Extraet of a letter to Bn J. 
Torrey of New York dated 1st 
Bee, 1832.... I shall soon come 
out with my avowed principles 
about G. and Sp. partly an- 
nounced 1814 in my principles 
of Somiology, and which my 
experience and researches ever 
since have confirmed. The 
truth is that Species and per- 
haps Genera also, are forming 
in organized beings by gradual 
deviations of shapes, forms and 
