416 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL V, October, 1951 
collections. These are apparently the first 
records from Northeast New Guinea. 
Hill (1925), Bonne- Wepster and Brug 
(1937), and Lee (1944^?) list a great variety of 
habitats: wells, marshes, jungle pools, road- 
side ditches, tree holes, swamps, rock pools, 
wheel ruts, slit trenches, and artificial con- 
tainers. However, Bonne-Wepstet and Brug 
(1939) record halifaxi mostly from "earth- 
bound” breeding places, and King and 
Hoogstraal (1946^, f) mention only pools. 
In my collections it was found also in a great 
variety of habitats, but the figure (65 per cent) 
for puddles far surpasses that of any other 
habitat. 
It occurred mostly (82 per cent) in mixed 
collections. Percentages of associates were: 
C. pullus, 25; An. punctulatus, 14; An. far auti, 
II; U. argyrot arsis, 6; C. annulirostris, 6; C. 
papuensis, 5; others, 15. 
Culex (Neoculex) brevipalpis (Giles) 
Stegomyia brevipalpis Giles, 1902, Handbook 
Gnats, 2d ed., p. 384. 
distribution: Dutch New Guinea: Hol- 
landia (King and Hoogstraal, 1946c, /). 
Papua: Milne Bay (Author). 
HABITAT: Brevipalpis is a rare species and 
the above record is the first from Papua. Both 
of my collections were from tree holes. One 
was from clear, exposed water; the other from 
clear, stagnant, shaded water. It was found 
with Aedes papuensis and Aedes scutellaris. 
Brug (1932) and King and Hoogstraal 
(1946c) have also recorded brevipalpis from 
tree holes. 
Culex (Lophoceratomyia) fraudatrix 
(Theobald) 
Lophoceratomyia fraudatrix Theobald, 1905, 
Mus. Nat. Hungarici Ann. 3: 94. Type lo- 
cality: Madang and Bogadjim, Northeast 
New Guinea. 
DISTRIBUTION: Dutch New Guinea: Assike, 
Tanahmerah (Bonne-Wepster, 1938); Hol- 
landia (T. K. Ruebush). Northeast New 
Guinea: Madang, Bogadjim (Theobald, 1905) ; 
Finschhafen, Saidor (Author). Papua: Milne 
Bay (Author). 
HABITAT: 
Total collections, 37 
Number of 
Habitat 
Habitat 
collections 
index 
Swamps 
9 
24 
Creeks: Pot holes 
9 
24 
Puddles 
6 
16 
Ponds 
4 
11 
Creeks; Running 
3 
8 
Artificial containers .... 
3 
8 
Rock holes 
1 
3 
Ditch 
1 
3 
Spathes and leaves 
1 
3 
pH, 14 readings 
Range 
4.5-8.0 
Mode 
5.0 
Average 
5.6 
Percentage i 
Factor 
occurrence 
Shaded 
76 
^ [ 
Exposed 
24 
Temporary 
30 
Semi-permanent. . . 
27 
Permanent 
43 
Clear 
73 
Muddy •. . 
1 
Stagnant 
26 
Vegetation 
Absent 
44 
Present 
56 
Sparse 
15 
Moderate 
55 
Abundant 
30 
Algae 
21 
Emergent 
28 
Overhanging 
37 
Submerged 
7 
Floating 
7 
It is rather surprising that this common 
species has not been previously recorded from 
Papua. 
Lee (1944^) reported fraudatrix from shal- 
low wells. Knight et al. (1944) list it from 
leafy pools, footprints, and brackish man- 
grove or fresh water pot holes. My collections 
also were mostly from surface water but they 
were not collected in brackish situations. 
Culex fraudatrix was one of the few species 
found to a high degree in permanent water 
