Mosquito Larvae of New Guinea — BiCK 
419 
Culex {Culkiomytd) pallidothorax of Bonne- 
Wepster [nec Theobald] (1938: 206-212). 
Questionable synonym in King and Hoog- 
straal (1946/: 143, 149). 
distribution: Dutch New Guinea: Mer- 
auke (Edwards, 1924; Edwards, 1926; Bonne- 
Wepster, 1938) ; Mamberano River (Edwards, 
1926); Pionierbivak (Edwards, 1926; Bonne- 
Wepster, 1938); Albatrosbivak (Brug, 1927; 
Brug, 1934; Bonne-Wepster, 1938); Fakfak 
(Brug, 1934; Bonne-Wepster, 1938); Manok- 
wari, Tanahmerah, Assike, Toerai (Bonne- 
Wepster, 1938) ; Hollandia (King and Hoog- 
straal, 1946c, /); Padaido Islands (Author). 
Northeast New Guinea: Muina (Theobald, 
1905); Finschhafen (King and Hoogstraal, 
1946c; Author); Saidor, 
Morobe ( Au thor) . 
Papua: Milne Bay (Lee, 
\944a\ Author). 
HABITAT: 
Total collections, 289 
Number of 
Habitat 
. Habitat 
collections 
index 
Puddles 
178 
62 
Artificial containers .... 
38 
13 
Creeks: Pot holes 
33 
11 
Borrow pits 
12 
4 
Ditches 
12 
4 
Swamps. . . . ; 
5 
2 
Creeks: Running 
3 
1 
Coconut shells 
3 
1 
Tree holes 
2 
1 
Marsh 
1 
— 
Rock holes 
1 
- 
Spathes and leaves 
1 
- 
52 readings 
Range 
4.0-7, 
.0 
Mode 
5.5 
Average 
5.7 
Percentage 
Factor 
occurrence 
Shaded 
33 
Exposed 
67 
Temporary 
77 
Semi-permanent .... 
20 
Permanent 
3 
Clear 
49 
Muddy 
20 
Stagnant 
24 
Polluted 
7 
Vegetation 
Absent 
61 
Present 
39 
Sparse 29 
Moderate 47 
Abundant 24 
Algae 46 
Emergent 23 
Overhanging 18 
Submerged 7 
Floating 6 
Fullus ranked first in number of collections. 
It was found in every locality studied except 
Amsterdam Island. 
It has previously been recorded from a 
great variety of habitats. Brug (1934) lists a 
beached canoe, a tree hole, a jungle pool. Lee 
(1944^sf) gives fresh-water wheel ruts, grassy 
drains, coconut shells, tarpaulins. King and 
Hoogstraal (1946/) state that, in 150 collec- 
tions, T6 were from tree holes and artificial 
containers, the others from shaded and sunlit 
ground water of all types except from per- 
manent ponds and brackish water. My collec- 
tions were also from a wide range of habitats, 
but the index of 62 for puddles far outweighs 
any other habitat. Fullus was found most 
often in clear water exposed to full sunlight, 
where vegetation was entirely absent. 
It must be emphasized that the puddles so 
widely used by pullus were, almost entirely, 
recently formed ruts of vehicles or footprints. 
Such habitats were most numerous in the low 
coastal strips, on the sites of abandoned coco- 
nut plantations which were the principal cen- 
ters of military activity in these areas. These 
habitats are the source of man-nlade malaria 
now so widely discussed in the literature in 
connection with habitat observations on 
Anopheles punctulatus and Anopheles farauti. 
However, little mention has been made thus 
far of the very general occurrence of both 
Culex pullus and Culex halifaxi with the ano- 
phelines in such situations. 
Fullus occurred mostly (76 per cent) in 
mixed collections. Percentages of associates 
were: C halifaxi, 17; An. farauti, 15; An. 
punctulatus, 13; f/. argyrotarsis, 6; C. annuliros- 
tris, 4; C. papuensis, 4; C. squamosus, 4; others, 
13. King and Hoogstraal (1946/) give a 
briefer list of associates. 
