260 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL V, July, 1951 
Hawaiian species differs as follows: The 
larger spicule category of dura is reported to 
comprise only oxeas and strongyles, whereas 
puna has, also, abundant styles. The smaller 
spicule category of dura comprises about 
equally abundant oxeas and strongyles; puna 
has only oxeas. 
The specific name which is here selected is 
the Hawaiian name for the south coast of the 
island of Hawaii, the region where this species 
of Fetrosia has been found. 
Tedania ignis (Duchassaing and 
Michelotti) Verrill 
Described in de Laubenfels (1950: 21). 
This species appears to be quite common 
in the waters about the Hawaiian Islands. 
Hiatt found it at Halape in 1945. 1 found it 
in 1948 near Hilo, also at Kaalualu, and near 
Honaunau. 
Hiattrochota proteus de Laubenfels 
Described in de Laubenfels (1950: 20). 
This species is moderately common 
throughout the Hawaiian archipelago. In ad- 
dition to the records on Oahu, I found it in 
1948 at Kaalualu and at Honaunau. 
Microciona maunaloa new species 
Fig. 6 
The type specimen of this species is U. S. 
National Museum, Register Number 22775 
(My No. H. 74), collected May 14, 1948, 
near Hilo. This was obtained in Hilo Harbor 
near Coconut Island, at a depth of 2 meters, 
by diving. 
This sponge is a paper-thin incrustation, 
spreading laterally indefinitely. In life it was 
a pale caramel-brown with definite pink 
tinges. In alcohol it turned blue. This reac- 
tion is unique and amazing. The consistency 
was soft. 
In places where the whole sponge was only 
400 yu thick there was an ectosomal region 
150 yu thick. This was composed of a dermal 
membrane 10 ya thick, but otherwise almost 
no protoplasmic structures at all. Instead, it 
was full of tufts or bouquets of spicules, the 
heads at almost the same spot at the under- 
lying surface of the endosome, the points all 
toward the outer surface but diverging at 
acute angles. The broad external expanse of 
each such bouquet is about 100 yu wide, the 
individual spicules about 150 yu long. The 
endosome is a rather dense mass of flesh, 
250 yu thick, and, of course, permeated by 
canals and chambers. In it many spicules lie 
in confusion. Larger erect spicules pierce it, 
their heads on or near the substrate, their 
points toward the surface. The echinating 
spicules are confined to a thin region adjacent 
to the substrate. 
The skeleton includes several size ranges of 
megascleres. The large spicules which pro- 
trude through the whole thickness of the in- 
crustation are smooth tylostyles, upwards of 
13 by 425 yu. Those scattered through the 
flesh are often about 9 by 240 yu. Those of the 
dermal tufts are about 6 by 1 60 ju, but some 
are only 6 by 120 yu. The echinating spicules 
are conspicuously spined acanthostyles about 
8 by 42 yu. The microscleres include toxas 56 
to 132 yu long and palmate isochelas 14 yu 
long; both types are quite commonplace in 
shape. In addition, however, there are abun- 
dant palmate isochelas of amazingly small 
size, only 5 to 6 yu long. 
0=0 D 
* 1 I 1 1 I L t > » ■ 
Fig. 6. Microciona maunaloa: spicules, from camera 
lucida drawings. A, Heads of tylostyles (the rest of 
these spicules is not shown); B, acanthostyle; C, two 
extremes of the toxa shape; D, larger palmate isochela; 
E, smaller isochelas. (The scale shows 100 microns 
by tens.) 
This species is well characterized by its very 
small chelas. Several species in the genus 
