364 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. V, October, 1951 
increasing in diameter distally, conveys sperm 
from the testis to the genital pore, located on 
the coxopodite of the last pereiopod. The 
proximal portion (Eig. 2d), which is impossi- 
ble to dissect free from the tissue of the testis, 
emerges to form the enlarged distal portion 
(Eig. 2h). Whereas the testis and certain por- 
tions of the vas deferens are opaque, the 
lateral surface of this enlarged portion of the 
vas deferens is demarked by a distinct hyaline 
line (g) which traverses its length. 
Figure 8 is a typical cross section through 
the enlarged portion of the vas deferens (Fig. 
2h). This portion of the vas deferens is 
characterized by the presence of a typhlosole- 
like structure (Fig. 8c) which projects from 
the hyaline line (Figs. 2g, 8a) into the lumen 
of the vas deferens (Fig. 8^). Both the glan- 
dular epithelium (/) of the "typhlosole,” 
which here bounds deep crypts (e), and the 
connective tissue (d) are continuous with the 
wall of the vas deferens. The wall of the sperm 
mass (Fig. id) also appears in sections 
through the enlarged vas deferens (Fig. 8g) 
but is further embedded in a homogeneous 
matrix-like substance (b). Regardless of the 
Fig. 8. Camera lucida drawing of a cross section of 
vas deferens (Fig. 2h). Hyaline line region; b, lumen 
of vas deferens; c, "typhlosole”; d, connective tissue; 
e, crypt; /, glandular epithelium; g, spermatophoric 
wall; h, matrix. (13 X) 
Stain used, the glandular secretion {e) of the 
crypt-like folds of the "typhlosole” (c) stain 
the same as the matrix {h). Usually, but not 
in all cases, this secretion takes the cyto- 
plasmic stain. 
Dissection of the entire enlarged portion of 
the vas deferens (Fig. 9) along its lateral line 
reveals, even prior to flattening and fixation, 
a highly coiled continuous tube {a) embed- 
ded in a putty-like matrix {b). This tube 
appears as a yellowish "thread” occupying a | 
position near the muscular wall of the vas I 
deferens opposite the hyaline line. j 
In freshly killed specimens, peristaltic j 
waves traverse the length of this enlarged 'i 
portion of the vas deferens when it is pinched ! 
with forceps. This stimulation is adequate to ! 
cause the extrusion of the spermatophoric 
mass which in nature adheres to the sternum 
of the female, posterior to the opening of the i 
genital pore. 
Figure 10 illustrates a typical spermato- 
phoric mass on a portion of the sternum {b) 
removed from a female whose carapace 
length was 9-5 cm. and whose carapace width 
was 1.6 cm. This specimen was taken off j 
Kekepa Island, Oahu, January 23, 1948, by a 
tangle net set at 30 feet. The ovaries of this 
specimen were highly developed and ovula- 
tion was imminent. The spermatophoric mass, 
of about average size, was 4.2 cm. at its 
greatest width, 2.7 cm. at its greatest length, 
and approximately 0.5 cm. in thickness. The 
outer, exposed black portion of the mass (c) 
which could not be peeled off had the con- 
sistency of whalebone and averaged less than 
0.5 mm. in thickness. As in other specimens, 
the spermatophoric mass displayed a certain 
bilateral symmetry suggesting that in its 
application both right and left vas deferens 
extrude their contents. 
Dissection reveals that the homogeneous 
inner mass, the matrix {a), surrounds the high- 
ly coiled, continuous, spermatophoric tube 
{d). Lying under the undisturbed portion of 
the spermatophoric mass (Fig. 10c) is found 
