Mosquito Larvae of New Guinea — BiCK 
grassy margins of streams as most frequently 
used sites. Nearly all of these recorded 
habitats are represented in my collections. 
However, farauti was collected almost en- 
tirely (99 per cent) in surface water; the only 
other habitat represented was artificial con- 
tainers. The range of surface habitats was 
rather wide but these data clearly show the 
great relative importance of puddles. 
All workers in the New Hebrides-Solomons 
area have emphasized the contrast in utiliza- 
tion of wet- and dry-season breeding sites. 
No such contrast was apparent from my ob- 
servations nor has such been reported by other 
workers in New Guinea. 
Seventy-five per cent of my collections were 
made in exposed situations. All authors state 
that farauti occurs both in sun and shade; 
however, Belkin et al. (1945), Daggy (1945), 
Perry (1946), and Horsfall and Porter (1947) 
give a preference for sunlight, whereas Lee 
and Woodhill (1944) give a preference for 
semi-shade. 
Vegetation was present in 61 per cent of 
my collections. Lee and Woodhill (1944), 
Belkin et al. (1945), Perry (1946), and Hors- 
fall and Porter (1947) consider the presence 
of vegetation or floatage of prime importance 
in the ecology of farauti. 
Only 17 per cent of my farauti collections 
were taken from muddy water, whereas 32 
per cent of the punctulatus collections were 
from muddy water. This difference was em- 
phasized by Lee and Woodhill (1944), who 
stated that farauti is rarely recorded in man- 
made pools with a heavy suspension of clay 
but that such pools serve as the typical breed- 
ing place of punctulatus. Horsfall and Porter 
(1947), on the basis of quantitative data, con- 
cluded that farauti is dominant in sandy or 
mucky soil whereas punctulatus is dominant in 
heavy clay. 
Nothing on ^H relationships has been 
reported. My 67 readings from nearly all 
habitats show a very wide range (4.0 to 8.0). 
However, both the mode and the average were 
approximately 5.5. 
399 
Lee and Woodhill (1944) record farauti at 
a salinity of 1.4 per cent at Goodenough 
Island. Perry (1946), in the New Hebrides- 
Solomons area, found it common in water 
containing less than 70 per cent sea water, 
and stated that its upper maximum level was 
75 per cent sea water. From a total of 170 
collections in strictly coastal localities, only 
four were taken in brackish water on Amster- 
dam Island. Two were from puddles at 
salinities of 10 per cent sea water, one was 
from a coral pool at a salinity of 20 per cent, 
and one from a similar pool at 70 per cent 
sea water. 
Daggy (1945) reared farauti from egg to 
adult at a maximum of 65 per cent sea water 
and found that "late larval development" 
was possible in salinities greater than that of 
sea water. My laboratory investigations 
showed that fourth instar larvae withstood 
all concentrations up to 100 per cent sea 
water for 24 hours, but that the survival was 
greatly reduced at salinities greater than 30 
per cent. 
SALINITY 
Number of Percentage 
Percentage larvae used alive after 
sea water (4th instar) 24 hours 
0 21 100 
10 7 100 
20 11 60 
30 21 76 
40 22 23 
50 23 9 
60 15 7 
70 20 5 
80 18 5 
90 15 0 
100 36 3 
Larval associates have been recorded by 
Buxton and Hopkins (1927), Belkin et al. 
(1945), and Perry (1946), but no one has re- 
corded the degree of association. Farauti 
occurred mostly (77 per cent) in mixed col- 
lections. Percentages of associates were: C. 
pullus, 21; An. punctulatus, 16; C halifaxi, 11; 
C. squamosus, 8; C. annulirostris, 6; C. frauda- 
trix, 5; U. argyrotarsis, 4; others, 6. 
