Genus Isodendrion — St, John 
247 
widened and inflated; stigma lateral, obovate. 
type: Sandwich Islands, Oahu, U. S. Ex- 
ploring Expedition under Capt. Wilkes (US), 
(st. If, fl. fr.). Type examined. Also isotype 
(GH), (st. If. fr.). Pickering (1854: 400) gave 
further details, ”in a ravine on the southern 
flank of Mauna Kaala at an elevation of a 
thousand feet ...” 
Known only from the type collection. In 
Gray’s second publication on it— that in the 
United States Exploring Expedition series — 
he gave more details. As to the locality, he 
added (1854: 93): "Wooded portion of the 
Kaala Mountains, Oahu, Sandwich Islands.” 
This species, it seems, has not been collected 
subsequently, as all of the other records given 
by Hillebrand (1888: 18) are here referred to 
other species. Gray gives a lengthy descrip- 
tion, which is not quoted here as it seemed 
best to make a new, detailed, independent 
description. Gray says (1854: 94) of the 
petals that "They are all alike in size and 
shape, about 4 lines long ...” That statement 
was inaccurate, as can be noted by comparing 
the enlarged drawings of the petals (our Eig. 
11), prepared from the type specimen. 
The three new species of Isodendrion de- 
scribed by Gray in 1852 were all cited as 
from the Kaala Mountains, Oahu, but in the 
U. S. Exploring Expedition series in 1854, he 
expanded (1854: 93) the habitat for L pyri- 
folium only, to "Wooded portion of the 
Kaala Mountains.” This and the other two 
species were apparently collected on Novem- 
ber 4, 1840. More data can be gleaned from 
the volume by Pickering who was one of the 
collectors (1854: 400). In the Violaceae they 
collected on Oahu only the three species of 
Isodendrion and Viola Chamissonis Ging. Pick- 
ering (1854: 386), speaking of the drier moun- 
tain range near "Waianai” [Waianae], says 
"High up along this Leeward flank of the 
Mauna Kaala ridge, Mr. Brackenridge and 
myself met with various remarkable plants 
that were not seen elsewhere: as . . . the re- 
markable Violaceous shrubs, with flowers 
arising from the old wood ...” Then (p. 399) 
he lists them: "Viola (No. 1). Normal, 
though becoming a shrub, upright, and one 
to two feet high; leaves ovate, cordate at 
base, long pointed. On 'Mauna Kaala,’ with- 
in the Leeward portion of Oahu, Bracken- 
ridge.” [This is surely V. tracheliifolia Ging., 
which is common on the ridge near Mt. 
Kaala.] 
On page 400 Pickering lists three species 
of another violaceous genus [lsodendrion\. 
"Gen. Violac., (No. 1) . A shrub, six feet high; 
leaves oblong-ovate, serrulate. Growing in 
a ravine on the southern flank of Mauna 
Kaala, at the elevation of a thousand feet; 
(pointed out to me by Mr. Brackenridge). 
(No. 2). A shrub, six feet 
high; large obovate coriaceous leaves, six 
inches by two; flowers small, inconspicu- 
ous, and greenish, arising along the stem 
from the old wood, short pet. Growing in 
the same locality, on the Southern flank of 
Mauna Kaala; (pointed out to me by Mr. 
Brackenridge) . 
(No. 3); habit of the last, but 
the leaves smaller, subsessile, with few 
crenatures. Growing in the same locality, 
on the Southern flank of Mauna Kaala; 
(pointed out to me by Mr. Brackenridge).” 
This enumeration contains enough de- 
scriptive material to make possible the identi- 
fication of these numbered Violaceae as: No. 
1, Isodendrion pyri folium Gray; No. 2, 1. longi- 
folium Gray; No. 3, /. lauri folium Gray. 
The vernacular name "aupaka” given by 
Hillebrand (1888: 18) is discussed under 1. 
maculatum and here transferred to that species. 
The specific name was obviously coined 
from the generic name Pyrus, the pear; and 
the Latin folium, leaf, indicating a resemblance 
between its leaves and those of the pear tree. 
12. Isodendrion Remyi sp. nov. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Figure 12. 
DIAGNOSIS TYPi: Frutex, ramis pluribus ad- 
scendentibus glabratis 2-4 mm. diametro 
cortice laevi griseo, cicatricibus 1.5 mm. lads 
depresso-obcordatis, fasciculis 3 inferiore 
majori, ramulis a stipulis persistentibus asper- 
