352 Scott Elliot . — On the Fertilisation of South 
flattened extremity is the stigma. The right carina forms at 
the tip a spoon-shaped covering to the horizontal terminal 
part of the style : It has at the basal end an auricle which is 
covered by the auricle of the right ala, whose edges are turned 
over to clasp it firmly: on depression the right carinal half 
simply slips down and outwards over the style. The left 
carinal half on the other hand is pushed under the style at its 
extremity, so as to form a sort of pocket enclosing the anthers, 
and on its side about half-way down is a conical protuberance ; 
on depression the edge of the left ala catches on this pro- 
tuberance, and causes the left carinal half to rotate about a 
horizontal axis, the tip turning directly outwards. 
Hence, when an insect alights on the alae and is struggling 
to pass round and under the peg on the vexillum, it causes the 
right carina to slip down and the left to rotate, fully exposing 
the style and anthers, and in passing out (probably under the 
style) will produce fertilisation. I have often examined this 
flower, and never seen an insect or a ripe pod upon it, so that 
it is doubtful what insect visits it, but Xylocopa would cer- 
tainly be able to produce fertilisation. — Pretoria. 
Dolichos Lablab, Z. (Figs. 76-83.) 
A glance at the figures will show the fundamental simi- 
larity of the vexillum in this species to that of Canavalia , 
Phaseolus , and Vigna . The frontal pegs are very large, semi- 
circular in shape, and hold the upper edges of the alae closely 
together in the middle line. 
The sides of the thickened vexillum-claw have a cavity 
hollowed out in their thickness, and in this cavity lies the odd 
stamen : as may be seen from Fig. 78, it is impossible for an 
insect’s proboscis to enter above the odd stamen, so that in 
this case at any rate the odd stamen must be levered up as 
described by Farrer (loc. cit.) for Phaseolus coccineus , and not 
as suggested by Francis Darwin (loc. cit.) ; there is a conical 
peg on each side of the carina which fits into a very deep 
socket on the ala. 
The stigma (with the pollen-covered hairs below) emerges 
