African and Madagascar Flowering Plants. 375 
press the carina down. The stigmatic lips do not appear to 
unclose till the anthers have dehisced. 
Pleetranthus tomentosus, E. Mey. 
Agrees with preceding species. 
P. glaucocalyx, Maxim, has been described by Loew 
(Macleod, No. 394) and appears to belong to the type of the 
three last-described species. The genus contains therefore 
two quite distinct modifications leading to different ways of 
fertilisation. The first marked by the very strong protandry 
and coiling of the stamens round the lower lip, and the second 
by the elastic boat-shaped lower lip including both stamens 
and style. 
Stachys Lyallii, Benth. 
This has practically the same arrangement as S. palustris , 
L. (cf. Muller, Nos. 178, 702). In the first (male) condition 
the lateral outer stamens have their anthers in front of those 
of the median stamens and dehisce in that position : they 
afterwards twist sideways so that their anthers are carried out 
of the way and drop off outside the flower. The median 
anthers then bend a little forward and dehisce, afterwards 
turning sideways like the outer lateral ones. Last of all the 
style bends considerably forward and the stigmatic lips open. 
Visitors : — Apis mellifica , probably Ody nevus spp. Lepi- 
doptera: T sp. (No. 284)— Hebron and Klerksdorp. 
Stachys eafifra, E. Mey> and S. aethiopiea, L. (Figs. 1 1 5-1 17.) 
Seem to have exactly the same arrangement as the pre- 
ceding species. 
S. annua, L. as described by Schulz (Macleod, No. 516) is 
quite similar, but as he makes the extraordinary statement 
that spontaneous self-fertilisation is easily possible, I cannot 
understand his description. Surely this observer cannot have 
failed to notice protandry in this species. At any rate in no 
other species of Stachys is self-fertilisation possible so far as 
published observations go. 
D d 
