African and Madagascar Flowering Plants. 395 
EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES IN PLATES 
XXI, XXII, and XXIII. 
Illustrating Mr. Scott Elliot’s paper on the Fertilisation of South African and 
Madagascar Flowering Plants. 
PLATE XXI. 
Carica Papaya. 
Fig. 1. Female flower. 
Fig. 2. Male flower, st. stigma, sta. stamens, n. nectary ; both reduced greatly. 
Viola decumbens. 
Fig. 3. Flower after removal of sepals and petals but with outline of spur and 
lower lip. ap. outline of anterior petal and sp. of its spur, s. spurs of anterior 
filaments, sti. stigma. 
Polygala bracteolata . 
Fig. 4. Flower from side with the lateral sepals removed. 
Fig. 5. Flower from above. 
Fig. 6. Style. s. sepal, p 2 carina formed of fused anterior petals, with 
alighting brush v. and hairs h v at hinge or joint x , and along upper margin h^Pi 
posterior petals with over-lapping projection t. on right posterior petal, o. opening 
through which style appears, b. upper hollow on surface of style, h. lateral hollow, 
st. stigmatic surface. 
Muraltia Heisteria. 
Fig. 7. Longitudinal mesial section of an exploded flower. 
Fig. 8. Section in line x-y (Fig. 7) before explosion, se. sepals, ap. anterior, 
and pp. posterior petals, a.l. thickened ledge on inside of carina, cl. thickened 
claws of posterior petal, c. cavity of anterior petals enclosing essential organs. 
b. anterior vertical ridge on front of anterior petal, / x limb of anterior lateral petal, 
h half of limb of anterior median petal, s. sh. st. staminal sheath, .r. style, si. 
stigma, f. fingerlike projections on the ovary, n. nectary. 
Muraltia serpylloides. 
Fig. 9. Flower after sepals have been removed, lettering as above except x. 
hinge. 
Abutilon albidum. 
Fig. 10. Flower in longitudinal mesial section, h.c. honey cup of sepals, n. 
nectar tissue, sty. styles. 
Cyclopia genistoides. 
Fig. 11. Flower from the side with half the calyx and part of the vexillum-wing 
cut off. 
Fig. 12. and Fig. 13. Left ala from within and without respectively. 
Fig. 14. Flower with vexillum, calyx, and left ala removed. 
Fig. 15. Extremity of carina enlarged. 
Fig. 16. Staminal column towards the base viewed from above. 
s. sepals, ve. vexillum-claw, a. curved claw of ala, ad. alar depression fitting on 
corresponding depression cd. of carina, af. fold in ala fitting over pc. projecting 
lateral peg of carina, c. carina, ct. tubular cavity of carina in which style and 
stamens lie, x. opening through which style protrudes, n. opening to honey. 
