128 
Notes. 
Fig. 5. Cotyledons of Convolvulus major . Transverse sections through inter- 
cellular spaces. Observe the varying depth of the space in the palisade paren- 
chyma. Over (1) the epidermis has disappeared, and the palisade cells have 
become shortened, thus bringing the space near the surface. (3) Shows termination 
of spiral vessels. 
Many cotyledons which have no apical group of water-pores have 
scattered stomata over their upper surfaces, in addition to the usual 
stomata of their under surfaces. The following plants show these 
characters : — Iberis amari ', Saponaria calabria, Agrimonia Eupatoria , 
Calendula officinalis , Rhodanthe Manglesii, Cenlaurea americana , Con- 
volvulus minor , Anagallis arvensis , and Kaulfussia amelloides. 
The grouping of stomata and water-pores in cotyledons does not 
seem to have been previously investigated, except in the case of one or 
two plants. Kernel*, whose ‘ Pflanzenleben 1 ’ has been published 
during the present year, says : ‘ Those cotyledons which have expanded 
and become green, display all the characteristics of foliage leaves: 
the epidermis is furnished with stomata.’ Gravis, who has published 
an exhaustive Monograph on Urtica dioica 2 , describes the gland and 
group of water-pores at the apex of the cotyledon ; these are similar 
to the gland and water-pores of Urtica pilulif era of the present paper, 
In a foot-note Gravis refers to a similar group discovered by C. E. 
Bertrand, in the cotyledons of Gunnera. 
No general conclusions, regarding the water-pores of cotyledons, 
can be drawn until many more types have been examined. The 
1 P. 582, vol. i, Pflanzenleben, by Anton Kerner von Marilann. Leipzig, 1888. 
2 Recherches Anatomiques sur les organs vegetatifs de 1 ’ Urtica dioica (L.), 
par A. Gravis. Bruxelles, 1885. 
