242 Bower . — On the Pitcher of Nepenthes : 
which points upwards and backwards, elongates at first con- 
siderably, and becomes the styliform process at the junction 
of the lid and the pitcher,’ and that it ‘ continues to be the 
organic apex of the organ. 5 Further, he figures the peculiar 
bilobed conformation of the young lid, which leads me to the 
conclusion now to be put forward. In his Address at Belfast 
in 1874, he still maintains the view above quoted, and Eichler, 
in his paper on the leaves of Cephalotus x > expresses his ad- 
herence to it. 
Now, it is to be noted that these writers, under the influence 
of the old method, seek first to homologate the parts of the 
pitcher to sheath, petiole, and lamina, — parts which depend for 
their distinction upon the results of intercalary growth ; and 
the question did not present itself to them, whether the leaf be 
a simple or a branched one. It was, however, a matter of the 
greatest interest to me to find the following passage written 
by Dr. Griffith in the year 1837 2 : — ‘There can be no doubt 
but that the pitcher is merely due to a hollowing of the apex 
of the petiole, or rather tendril. The lamina is of difficult 
explanation (if it is the lamina of the leaf) from its venation, 
its emargination, and the prolongated apex of the tendril ; it is 
a compound one, analogous to the leaf of Bauhiniai It will 
be seen that, though Griffith had apparently not made obser- 
vations on the development of the pitcher, his comparison with 
the leaf of Bauhmia coincides in the main with the view to 
which study of the development of the leaf has led me. 
My first observations were made upon a single bud of 
Nepenthes , sp. from Kew. These showed that the leaf first arises 
as a conical body, with the side directed towards the apex of 
the axis flattened (Fig. 1); the flattened side is soon marked 
by two longitudinal flanges or wings, while close to the apex 
a shallow oval depression soon makes its appearance. This is 
the first trace of the cavity of the pitcher (Fig. 2) ; above it is 
the smooth conical apex of the leaf, which is thus far a simple, 
winged phyllopodium. Subsequently the leaf elongates, the 
1 Jahrb. K. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 
2 Posth. Papers, vol. ii. p. 77. 
