256 Macfarlane . — Observations on 
apex, after they have given off two strong diverging branches 
into the lid. 
As older leaves are produced certain important changes 
occur. The lamina at the level of the pitcher bottom be- 
comes constricted, until separation into two flat basal lobes, 
and two terminal ones is effected, the latter appearing as flap- 
like projections from the dorsal side of the pitcher ; and in 
this genus they continue to remain widely separated laterally, 
since the two bundles, previously mentioned, retain their position 
(Fig. 2). Further, owing to encroachment of the corrugated 
pitcher-rim the dorsal laminar fusion is gradually reduced 
till, in most adult pitchers, it is unrecognisable. But while its 
presence is occasionally represented as a ridge-like elevation 
in some species (e. g. N. Khasiana ), in all species branches of 
the two bundles still curve round to meet each other in front 
of the pitcher. Therefore, though the fused laminar parts 
may be reduced or disappear, their vascular supply is still 
represented by these bundles. Clearly then we have here to 
deal with two leaflets which become fused or connate in front 
of the pitcher. But it is interesting to note that in a few 
species (e. g. N. Rajah ) the basal lobes likewise become beauti- 
fully connate at their apex by union on the upper or dorsal 
side of the midrib, and an inclination to similar fusion of the 
basal lobes is observable in many species. 
Before discussing the lid and filiform apex, I may refer to 
the mode of development of adult pitchers as described and 
figured by Hooker 1 . The late Professor Dickson also kindly 
allowed me to examine a series of preparations which he had 
made. 
Each leaf arises from the axis as an elongated pro- 
tuberance, and soon shows on the dorsal side a basal concave 
area bounded by a continuous ridge, and near the apex a 
dimple-like depression separated from the concave area by 
the transversely-placed part of the ridge already mentioned. 
The concave area corresponds, I consider, to the uninterrupted 
lamina of the seedling pitcher. But as the leaf grows it 
1 Trans. Linn. Soc., Vol. XXII (1859). 
