374 Marshall Ward.— On a lily -disease. 
hyphae. Certain of the free branches develop into the 
curious ‘ organs of attachment , 5 which glue themselves to 
solid bodies in much the same way as the tendrils of Ampe- 
lopsis, and develop in response to a similar irritability to 
contact. These organs, as well as the tips of other hyphae, 
secrete relatively large quantities of a ferment, and I have 
shown that in culture-media this cellulose-dissolving ferment 
may accumulate to such an extent that the hyphae can no 
longer contain it, and it causes dissolution of the cellulose at 
the tips of the hyphae, and consequent extrusion of the 
protoplasm and ferment in the form of drops. The details of 
accumulation of the ferment, so far as they could be traced by 
the microscope, are given, as also some interesting reactions, 
methods of staining, preparation, etc. 
The development of the Botrytis- heads, or sporophores, 
and conidia, is given in detail, as well as some observations 
on the rate of growth of the hyphae. Then follow some 
observations of considerable interest on the passage of the 
hyphae in and through the cellulose cell-walls of the lily. 
By means of special cultures it was found possible to observe, 
step by step, the actual piercing of the cellulose by the tip of 
the fungus-hypha, and its further growth in the walls ; it 
results from these observations that the tip of the hypha in 
contact with the cellulose, probably in consequence of the 
irritation of contact, excretes relatively large quantities of 
ferment-substance and dissolves its way into the cell-wall, 
swelling up the cellulose and feeding upon the products of 
solution, and causing destruction of the tissues by isolating 
the different cells as if they had been boiled. 
I have also obtained from large pure cultures of the fungus 
in sterilised flasks, solutions which produce the same swelling 
and dissolution of the cellulose as those met with in chamber- 
cultures, containing sections of the peduncle, leaf, ovary, etc. 
of the lily, and their cell-walls and middle lamellae undergo 
solution in a few hours when placed in these aqueous extracts 
of the fungus. Since the swelling etc. does not occur if the 
extract is previously boiled for from two to five minutes, the 
