379 
Marshall Ward. — On a lily-disease. 
Fig. 32. A small culture of the fungus, from a single spore sown in a hanging 
drop : the medium was partially exhausted Pasteur’s solution, and the culture was 
five days old. The original spore could still be seen in the meshes at s : the 
mycelium developed was not very large, but otherwise normal. Having nearly 
exhausted the food-materials, it passed over to the formation of conidiophores (c, c), 
seven of which are nearly completed. On the branches of the hyphae, especially 
at the edges and surface of the liquid where they are nearer to the air, numerous 
brilliant bubbles of gas are to be seen attached to the hyphae : this is a well-known 
phenomenon in such cultures, especially preceding the development of aerial conidia. 
It is, of course, not necessary to remark that these bubbles have nothing to do with 
the droplets extruded from the tips of hyphae described below. Zeiss A, oc. 2. 
Fig. 33- Small conidiophores from a similar culture to the last, showing how the 
conidia may arise on short lateral branches, as well as on the normal erect conidio- 
phores. The small branch ( x ) below the conidia grew out later into a secondary 
conidiophore similar to that in Fig. 26. Zeiss D, oc. 4. 
Fig. 34. One of the conidiophores observed during its whole course of develop- 
ment. At 4.45 p.m. the erect hypha (jt) was beginning to swell at the apex, and 
to put forth two branches below ; these grew larger, and at 5 p.m. were as in 2. 
Half-an-hour later (i. e. at 5.30 p.m.) a number of small projections appeared like 
bright points on the swollen portions (j),and at 5.45 were seen to be peg-like out- 
growths ( 4 ), which gradually lengthened, and commenced to swell at the ends (/, 
drawn at 6.5 p.m.) The swelling ends of these pegs (sterigmata) soon assumed 
the ovoid form of young conidia, and at 6.15 presented the appearance shown in 6 . 
The development was now very rapid ; 7 was drawn at 6.25, and by 6.40 the 
conidia were practically mature ( 8 ), the only further changes observable being the 
darkening in hue of the ripening conidia, which now drop off at the slightest 
vibration. The specimens were from a mycelium growing in Pasteur’s solution, 
the solution having been again boiled ; only the outlines are drawn, but it will be 
understood that all parts are filled with brilliant nearly homogeneous protoplasm. 
Zeiss D. 
Fig. 35- Similar culture to the last, but showing the air-bubbles which are so 
common on the developing conidiophores, a, at 4.40 p.m. : b, at 5.25 p.m. 
Zeiss D. 
Fig. 36. An aerial branch from a culture such as Fig. 21, showing the in- 
crustation of minute crystals of calcium oxalate on the cell- walls. Zeiss D, oc. 2. 
PLATE XXIII. 
Fig. 37. A conidiophore from a 6 days’ culture in Pasteur’s solution, showing 
the formation of a second head of conidia from a branch below the one first 
developed. The culture was the same as that from which Fig. 15 was taken. 
The characteristic brownish colour of the quite mature spore and conidiophore 
has been omitted. Zeiss D, oc. 2. 
Fig. 38. Branched conidiophore abundantly produced in the damp air of 
a culture- chamber : the mycelium had been growing for 14 days in a drop of 
raisin-extract, to which Pasteur’s solution was added later. It should be noticed 
that the whole is a sympodium, each successive tuft arising at the end of a branch 
from beneath the one next below. Cf. Fig. 33 x and Fig. 37. Zeiss B, oc. 2. 
Fig- 39- A young conidiophore from a culture in partially exhausted Pasteur’s 
C C 2 
