104 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIV, April I960 
FIG. 3. Pyrosoma spinosum, an individual zooid of 7.0 mm. length. 
analysed ) very many thousands occurred off 
Dunedin and at several localities northwards of 
Dunedin. 
In what proportions the Pyrosoma population 
should be divided between this, and the next 
species ( P . spinosum ) is not known. Thirty 
specimens, between the tetrazooid and large 
colonies, randomly selected from a number of 
samples, were closely examined and found to be 
P. atlanticum. And of many hundreds handled, 
only the one colony of P. spinosum was detected. 
P. atlanticum is therefore believed to predomi- 
nate by a large majority. 
Pyrosoma spinosum Herdman 
Pyrosoma spinosum Herdman, 1888; Metcalf 
and Hopkins, 1919; Thompson, 1948; Ber- 
rill, 1950; Sewell, 1953 
One colony secured at Station 326 constitutes 
a new record for New Zealand and Australia. 
The zooid illustrated (Fig. 3) is 7 mm. ex- 
treme length. It possessed 23 gill bars, 35 rows 
of stigmata, and 9 languets, thus agreeing rea- 
sonably with numbers given by Sewell (1953) 
for a zooid of P. spinosum of 6.9 mm. (29-30 
gill bars, 40 stigmata, and 6-8 languets ) . There 
is agreement with other accounts in respect of 
the position of the anterior light organs; in the 
number of atrial and cloacal tentacles and their 
positions; the ventrally split cloacal aperture; 
the dorsad curvature of the anterior part of the 
endostyle; in the posteriorly located languets; 
and in general shape and proportions. 
Sewell discusses a "renniform body,” orig- 
inally reported by Metcalf and Hopkins ( 1919) , 
and present in a sac situated in the test wall 
a little posteroventrally to the anus. From its 
similar location to the cyathozooid in P. at- 
lanticum Sewell concludes this body is an early 
stage of a cyathozooid. He mentions that when 
this organ is present there is no trace of a testis. 
A "renniform body” was not identified for 
certain in the New Zealand material. However, 
a small granular body appeared to be situated 
in the test wall, in the position described for 
the "renniform body.” That this may have been 
Sewell’s developing cyathozooid is suggested by 
this location, and the fact that no testis was 
present in the zooids examined. 
Order CY CLOMY ARIA 
Family DOLIOLIDAE 
Genus Dolioletta Borgert 
Dolioletta valdiviae Neumann 
Dolioletta valdiviae Garstang, 1933 
The majority of specimens were collected at 
Stations 74-85; a few occurred subsequently at 
Stations 109, 124, and 178. 
GONOZOOID: Length, 2.0 to 8.2 mm. (Figs. 4, 
5,6). 
There are 26 dorsal and 15 ventral lamellae 
in the gill septum. The dorsal septum extends 
from about M.3V3 to M.6, and occasionally to 
M .6)4; the ventral septum extends forward to 
M.5. M.6 is of normal width dorsally and 
