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Fig. 4. Pandanus biakensis, holotype, syncarp, lateral and median views; also a view of the lower side and 
base of a leaf. 
terioribusque prolapsis in latere proximo sul- 
catis supra sulcum proximum carpelli, endo- 
carpio paene supramediale osseoso grande ob- 
scure mahogani-brunneo marginibus 3-5 mm. 
crassis, seminibus 10-12 mm. longis 3-4 mm. 
diametro ellipsoideis, mesocarpio apicale caverno 
unico fibroso meduloso formante, mesocarpio 
basale fibroso et carnoso. 
diagnosis OF HOLOTYPE: Tree about 10 m. 
tall, "armed with stout, upturned prickles,” 
crown open; prop roots 40-50 cm. long, slender; 
leaves 2.7-3.25 m. X 4.4 cm., "glaucous above 
at the base,” ligulate but very gradually tapering 
to an elongate subulate tip which 10 cm. down 
from the tip is only 1 mm. wide; blade firm, 
subcoriaceous, the very base unarmed, not di- 
lated, but near the base (beginning 10 cm. up) 
the margins with prickles 1.5-2 mm. long, 5-9 
mm. apart, stout subulate, the tip pale, the base 
brownish, ascending at 45°, the nearby midrib 
smooth; at the middle the margins with teeth 
0.7-1 mm. long, 2-7 mm. apart, ascending at 
30°, stramineous or tipped with brown, the 
nearby midrib below with a few remote, very 
minute, appressed ascending spines; near the 
tip the margins and midrib below serrate 
with ascending spines 0.3 mm. long, 2—4 mm. 
apart; peduncle at least 14 cm. long, leafy 
bracted; fruiting syncarp about 24 cm. long, 
16 cm. in diameter, elliptic-ovoid, pendent, bear- 
ing about 45 phalanges; phalanges 6-6.2 cm. 
long, 4-4.5 cm. wide, 2.8-3. 5 cm. thick, slightly 
compressed, sharply 4-5 -angled, each side be- 
tween the angles a curving plane, somewhat 
shining, when dried brown, upper Yi part free, 
rounded, or just below the carpel apices slightly 
concave, the apex truncate (or very slightly 
convex); carpels 12-14 on lateral and principal 
phalanges, their carpel apices pyramidal, form- 
ing a flat top about 2.5 cm. wide; the outer ones 
strongly curving indexed, the inner ones slender 
pyramidal, almost symmetrical, with numerous 
prominent angles; stigmas centripetal, running 
from the apex down the proximal side, those of 
marginal carpels 2 mm. long, narrowly elliptic, 
creased, those of central carpels 2-3 mm. long, 
narrowly elliptic to elliptic, dark, firm, creased 
