544 
Willis and BurkilL — Flowers and 
Bombus agrorum F., sh. 22. V, 97, 600 ft. Diptera. Tachinidae\ 
(4) Siphona geniculata Deg., 21. V. 9 6, 800 ft. Anthomyiidae'. (5) 
Anthomyia sulciventris Ztt., fp. 20-27. V. 97, 7-800 ft. Araneida. 
(6) Xysticus sp., lying in wait inside a flower, 21. V. 97, 800 ft. 
101. Viola tricolor, Linn. [Lit. Brit ., Bennett 209 ; Dar- 
win 482 ; Kitchener 1197 ; N.C.E. 1 , 8 b, 9 , 11, 14 , 18 , 25 , 
35 , 40 ; Sccind.) Wittrock 2592 ; Alps 9 , 34 ; Pyren. 17 .] The 
following statement shows it to be at Clova a neglected bee- 
flower ; it is not abundant, and owes its position high up the 
glen perhaps to cultivation. Verhoefif points out the possibility 
of self-pollination in the Friesian islands and the frequency 
with which the spur is bitten through for its honey. 
Visitors < Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: (1) Pieris napi L., sh. 17. 
VII. 95, 800 ft. Diptera. Anthomyiidae : (2) Hyetodesia incana W., 
19. VI. 95, 800 ft. 
102. Viola lutea, Smith. [Lit. Brit. 39 ; Scand. 34 .] 
A neglected bee-flower. Bombi and butterflies are recorded 
as visiting it near Stockholm. On the hundreds of thousands 
of flowers seen by us at Clova, but fifty insects have been 
recorded, representing sixteen species, mostly flies which sit 
on the flower licking the hairs at the mouth of the tube or 
feeding on pollen. Four species of Lepidoptera were seen 
on the flowers, each once. The flowers are almost always 
wholly yellow, and all turn towards the south. The spur is 
5-6 mm. long. 
Visitors. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera: (1) Pieris napi L., 24. V. 
96, 800 ft. (2) Lycaena icarus Rott., sh. 18. VII. 96, 800 ft. Hetero- 
cera: Tineidae\ (3) Glyphipteryx fuscoviridella Haw., sh. 2. VII. 95, 
900 ft. Eriocephalidae\ (4) Eriocephala calthella L., 2. VII. 95, 800 
ft. Hymenoptera. Aculeata : Apidae\ (5) Andrena analis Panz., 
22. VI. 96, 1,000 ft. Diptera. Syrphidae : (6) Sphaerophoria sp., 
6. VII. 94. Bibionidae : (7) Dilophus sp., 1 9. V. 97, 800 ft. Muscidae : 
(8) Pollenia rudis F., licking the hairs at the mouth of the tube, 21. V. 
96, 800 ft. Anthomyiidae : (9) Drymia hamata Fin., sh. 4. VII. 95, 
800 ft. (10) Hyetodesia incana W., 21. VI. 95, 800 ft. (n) An- 
thomyia sulciventris Ztt., seeking h. and fp. 19-27. V. 97, 16. V. 98, 
