554 
Willis and Bur kill. — Flowers and 
Visitors. Hymenoptera. Aculeata : Apidae : (i) Bombus terrestris 
L.j sh. ii. VII. 9 6, 700 ft. Diptera. Sarcophagidae : (2) Sarcophaga 
sp., sh. through boring in the calyx, 11. VII. 96, 700 ft. 
128. Vicia sylvatica, Linn. [Lit. Brit. 23 .] The flowers 
are so massed together that the plant is very conspicuous, and 
there is a sweet scent. The petals are veined with mauve. 
The stigma projects a trifle beyond the anthers, and the style 
has a long brush of sweeping hairs. If rubbed the stigma 
leaves a sticky streak, and does not become self-fertilized in 
the absence of insect visitors. Hence the mechanism of the 
flower seems to be that suggested for the genus by H. Muller. 
The petals are 16-18 mm. long, and the narrow part of the 
flower 10-12 mm. The honey is secreted in the position 
usual for the genus. We have seen the calyx with a hole 
bitten through it. Schulz, in error, states that Darwin 
observed bees to bite through the calyx ; the plant referred 
to is, however, Lathyrus sylvestris. Scott Elliot observed 
Bombus muscorum and B. hortorum as visitors. 
Visitors. Hymenoptera. Aculeata: Apidae : (1) Bombus lap- 
ponicus F., seeking h. and cp. 10. VII. 96, 2,300 ft. Petiolata tubuli- 
fera : Vespidae : (2) Odynerus sp., sh. through borings in calyx, 10. VII. 
96, 2,300 ft. Diptera. Bibionidae'. (3) Dilophus albipennis Mg., sh. 
through borings in calyx, 26. VI. 96, 2,300 ft. Anthomyiidae : (4) 1 
sp., seeking h. 2. VII. 96, 2,300 ft. Sapromyzidae : (5) Sapromyza 
sp., sh. through borings in calyx, 10. VII. 96, 2,300 ft. Coleoptera. 
(6) Meligethes viridescens F., 26. VI. 96, 2,300 ft. (7) M. aeneus F., 
seeking h. 10. VII. 96, 2,100 ft. Thysanoptera. (8) Thrips sp., 
26. VI. 96, 2,300 ft. 
129. Vicia sepium, Linn. [Lit. Brit. 23 ; N.C.E. 1 , 3 b, 
11, 16 , 18 , 21 b, 33 , 34 , 40 ; De Vries 2460 ; Alps 2 , 9 , 34 ; 
Pyren. 17 .] Vicia sepium is, as Muller points out, a Bombus- 
flower in which the honey is too difficult of access for Lepido- 
ptera, and to Bombus terrestris is most readily obtained by 
a biting through of the calyx. We have found bitten flowers 
at Clova ; and they have been noted abundantly by Muller, 
Schulz, Knuth, and Alfken in Germany, and by MacLeod in 
