^ 19 ° Barker . — The Morphology and Developments f 
Historical. 
Van Tieghem ( 24 ) in 1884 published an account of two 
hitherto undescribed Fungi, which he classed with the 
Ascomycetes and placed among the Perisporiaceae with such 
little known forms as Apiosporium and Cys to theca. He con- 
sidered them as constituting a new genus, which he named 
Monascns , having as its distinctive feature a novel form of 
perithecium. As its name implies, the perithecium consisted 
of a single ascus, invested by a covering of sterile hyphae, 
the small spherical body thus produced being regarded as 
the perithecium. The ascus itself was peculiar, in that it 
was for such a structure comparatively large and many- 
spored. Indeed, except for its cutinized wall and the absence 
of any columella, it resembled a sporangium much more than 
a typical ascus. 
To describe the species somewhat in detail, one form, 
Monascns ruber , consisted of a much-branched regularly- 
septate mycelium which produced under culture two forms 
of reproductive organs. In the earlier stages of the cultures 
conidia were formed abundantly. These were produced at the 
end of branches in rows of varying numbers, being formed basi- 
petally. They were colourless and somewhat spherical bodies, 
in size usually 10-12 \x.. Later the second type of reproduc- 
tion was developed. From one of the hyphae of the my- 
celium a short erect branch arose, which soon ceased to grow 
and began to swell at its apex. Immediately beneath the 
swollen tip a wall was formed, cutting off a terminal hemi- 
spherical cell. The other part of the branch was divided by 
two or three transverse walls. Beneath the terminal cell a 
whorl of branches was produced. These ramified and grew 
around it, until it was completely covered by them, without 
however being absolutely in contact with them until later. 
Contact was established eventually by the continued swelling 
of the terminal cell, which in the end attained a size of 
40-54 \x. At this period it was brick-red in colour. During 
its swelling the contents of the investing hyphae gradually 
