192 Barker. — The Morphology and Development of 
preceding. The characteristic perithecia were not produced 
on gelatine substrata, but were soon developed in liquid 
media. The earliest stages of their development, which this 
author found, showed two or three small cells 3-4 \x in width 
and 2-4 times that length, situated at the apex of a branch. 
One of these was apparently the terminal cell of the branch, 
while the other one or two were placed somewhat at its side. 
From the central cell the f sporangium ’ was eventually pro- 
duced, and he hence considered it as an oogonium. Whether 
either of the other cells represented an antheridium he left 
undecided. Further observation of these structures was soon 
rendered impossible by the growth of investing hyphae from 
beneath the oogonium. By the time that the young fructifi- 
cation had reached the size 15-18 /x the oogonium was com- 
pletely covered by these hyphae. The ripe fruits were 
spherical, 40-53 \x in diameter, and containing numerous 
spherical, or slightly oval, hyaline, thick-walled, colourless, 
refringent spores of 4*5~5*i /x diameter. Sections of unripe 
fructifications, fixed in alcohol, showed the central oogonium 
filled with dense protoplasm and fat-drops of various sizes, 
surrounded by a layer of investing hyphae. Later stages 
showed the protoplasm regularly granular ; and finally the 
oogonium was found filled with numerous spores, in the early 
stages of formation polygonal, and later more or less rounded 
and thick-walled. The optimum temperature of growth of 
this species was 30-31 C. The mycelium was freely divided 
by septa. 
Harz seems to have been ignorant of Van Tieghem’s paper, 
a knowledge of which, in spite of the absence of figures 
accompanying it, would at once have shown him that he 
had to deal with a form of Monascus. As it was, while 
considering that it showed affinities with the Oomycetes, 
he constructed a new order, the Leptoomycetes, in which 
he included it with a few other little known Fungi, e. g. 
Helicosporangium parasiticum , Karsten, and P apulaspor a 
sepedonioides , Preuss. To it he gave the name Physomyces 
heterosporus. 
