410 
Howard. — On some Diseases of the 
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES IN PLATE XVIII. 
Illustrating Mr. Howard’s paper on Diseases of the Sugar-Cane. 
Fig. i. Portion of a sugar-cane attacked by the ‘rind’ disease showing stromata 
of C . falcalum above and below the leaf-base. Nat. size. At ( a ) is a stroma of the 
fungus as seen under a lens. 
Fig. 2. A portion of a sugar-cane, attacked by the ‘rind’ disease, split in half. 
A red blotch with a white centre is shown at (a). Nat. size. 
Fig. 3. Stages in the germination of a spore of C. falcatum in a hanging drop. 
The sowing was made at 1 p.m., Nov. 29. 
a = 4 p.m., Nov. 29) 
b = 5.40 „ „ h x 375- 
. c = 9.10 „ „ ) 
d = 8 a.m. Nov. 30. x 60. 
Temperature throughout 28-31° C. 
Fig. 4. Stages in the formation of conidia from the mycelium of C. falcatum in 
a hanging-drop culture. The sowing was made at 1 p.m., Nov. 29. 
a — 12.45 p.m., Nov. 30 } 
1 > = „ » f x 375- 
* = 3-50 ,, „ ’ 
Temperature 29-30° C. throughout. 
Fig. 5. Production of chlamydospores on the submerged hyphae of C. falcalum 
in a hanging drop twenty-seven hours after sowing. x 375. 
Fig. 6. Formation of conidia of C. falcatum at stromata formed in a hanging 
drop. The sowing was made at 1 p.m., Nov. 29, the temperature was 30-31° C. 
throughout, and all are shown x 375. 
a = 10.25 a.m., Dec. 5. 
b = 12 (noon) „ 
c = 5 P- m - „ 
Fig. 7. A sugar-cane stem attacked by the fungus Marasmius Sacchari showing 
the aborted roots and an abnormal development of the lower buds. 
Fig. 8. A portion of the below-ground part of the stem of a similarly diseased 
cane showing the aborted roots on a larger scale. 
Fig. 9. A portion of the lower (above-ground) part of the stem of a diseased 
sugar-cane showing colonies of the fructifications of Marasmius Sacchari. 
Fig. 10. Brown, thick- walled, usually terminal, chlamydospores in the mycelium 
of Marasmius. 
Fig. 11. Longitudinal section of a developing root of the sugar-cane destroyed 
by the mycelium of Marasmius. The periblem is penetrated by the fungus in all 
directions, many of its cells being brown in colour and much disintegrated. The 
root-cap is almost completely destroyed and the shaded portion of the pleurome is 
filled with mycelium. x 35. 
