Fishes Killed by the 1950 Eruption of Mauna Loa, Part V 
Gonostomatidae 
Marion Grey 1 
Among the deep-sea fishes collected at the 
surface during the Mauna Loa lava flow into the 
sea in 1950 were 30 small specimens belong- 
ing to the family Gonostomatidae. Of the 5 
genera and 5 species represented, 2 of the gen- 
era ( 1 of them new ) and all of the species ( 1 
or 2 of them new ) were hitherto unknown from 
waters around the Hawaiian Islands. Gosline 
et al. (1954) described the lava flow and the 
methods of collecting. I am indebted to Dr. 
Gosline for permission to report on these speci- 
mens, and to Dr. Rolf Bolin for relinquishing 
his prior claim to them. 
Gono stoma atlanticum Norman 
MATERIAL examined: 1 specimen, 59.5 mm. 
in standard length, collected off the Mauna Loa 
lava flow, Hawaii, by Moore et al ., June 3, 1950. 
One specimen, 47 mm. in standard length, 
collected off the Mauna Loa lava flow, Hawaii, 
by Yamaguchi, June 6, 1950. 
Three specimens, 58.5, 54, and 49 mm. in 
standard length, collected off the Mauna Loa 
lava flow, Hawaii, by Gosline et al ., June 6, 
1950. 
Counts and measurements given in order of 
diminishing size, largest specimen first. Dorsal 
rays 17, 17, 18, 18, 16. Anal rays 28, 29, 29, 28, 
28. Pectoral rays 10. Ventral rays 6. Gill rakers 
on first arch 1 1 + 6, 11 + 6, ? + 6, — , 11 + 7. 
Photophores: BR 9; IV 16; VAV 5; AC 19 (par- 
tially lost in smallest specimen); IC 40; OA 13. 
Per cent of standard length (59.5, 58.5, 54, 
49, 47 mm.): depth 16.8, 17.1-17.9, 16.7-17.6, 
ca. 18.3, 18.0; head 24.3, 25.6, 25.0, 24.5-25.5, 
25.5; snout 4.2, 4.27-5.12, 4.62, — 4.25-5.3; 
orbit 4.2, 4.27, 3.5-4.62, — , 4.25; interorbital 
width at center of eye 3.36, 3.42-4.27, 3.5-4.62, 
— , ca. 4.25; upper jaw 18.5, 19.6-20.4, 20.4, 
1 Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Illi- 
nois. Manuscript received December 19, I960. 
19.4-20.4, 20.2-21.2; premaxillary 3.36, 4.27- 
5.1, 4.62, — , 5.3; toothed portion of maxillary 
14.3, 15.4, 15.7, — , 15.9; tip of snout to dorsal 
origin 58.0, 58.9, 58.4=59.2, 58.1-59.1, 59.5; to 
anal origin 56.3, 57.2, 56.5-57.4, 56.1, 56.4; to 
ventral bases 46.2, 48.6, 46.2, 47.8, 46.7; dis- 
tance between anal origin and caudal base 41.1 — 
42.0, 42.7, 41.6, 42.7, 42.5; between last anal 
ray and caudal base ca. 10.1, ca. 10.2, 10.2, - — , 
10.6; between last dorsal ray and caudal base ca. 
23.5, ca. 22.2, 22.2-23.1, — , ca. 23.4; between 
inner insertion of ventral and origin of anal ca. 
8.4, 9.4, 7 .4-8. 3, — , ca. 7.45; least depth of cau- 
dal peduncle 5.8-6.7, 5.97-6.83, ca. 5.5,— ,6.38; 
dorsal base 16.8, ca. 17.1, 17.6, — , ca. 17.0; anal 
base 31.9, 32.4, 33.3, — , ca. 32.0; pectoral length 
— -, 17.1, 16.7, — , 12.75; ventral length ca. 7.56, 
6.83, 7.4, —, 6.38. 
Skin partially lost in all specimens. Only a 
few scales remaining, mostly over photophores, 
but well-preserved scale pockets indicating that 
back and tail, at least, were fully clothed with 
large, thin, cycloid scales. Pectoral fins reaching 
as far as 12th or 13th IV photophore. Ventral fins 
reaching anus. Most specimens with 13 long 
teeth on maxillary (only 9 or 10 in 2 speci- 
mens reported by me in I960 from the Marshall 
Islands) and apparently no posterior pterygoid 
teeth. Three largest specimens with 3 palatine 
teeth, increasing in size posteriorly. A small re- 
flector present behind ORB in only 1 specimen 
(47 mm.). Only two largest with small glands 
visible below OA. All 5 specimens with a single 
pale yellowish infracaudal gland at base of pos- 
terior procumbent caudal rays; possibly a sec- 
ond one originally existed anterior to it. Two 
well-developed supracaudals with the outward 
appearance of large photophores, being sur- 
rounded on sides and lower surface by blackish 
brown pigment. 
Color blackish brown, head and abdomen 
darker, cheeks silvery or iridescent and with 
black puncticulations, peritoneum black, oper- 
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