Gonostomatidae — G rey 
473 
mens and may have more gill rakers, although 
information on the total number of rakers on 
the first arch of this species is lacking. The sin- 
gle specimen of Argyripnus from the Philip- 
pines is unique in a few characters. Because of 
these unique features and because it is the only 
specimen to have been caught between Hawaii 
and Australia, the specimen is not identified to 
species at the present time, although it was 
originally labeled " Argyripnus iridescens ” and 
is catalogued under that name in the collection 
of the U. S National Museum. 
A few minor errors appeared in the’ original 
description of A. ephippiatus (Gilbert and 
Cramer, 1896: 4 14 ) and may be corrected as 
follows: dorsal rays 11 (not 10); BR (6) (not 
5 ) ; AC in the most posterior group (15) on 
the left side and (14) on the right side; adipose 
fin present and undamaged. 
The smallest of the 3 specimens of A. ephip- 
piatus examined is bent and cannot be measured 
accurately. The photophores of this specimen 
and of the holotype are intact, but many of 
those of the largest specimen are lost ( abdomen 
and ventral portion of tail damaged). In all 3 
specimens the tail is a little shorter than the 
trunk; the anal origin is below the end of the 
dorsal fin; there is a distinct gap, filled with 
membrane, between the two groups of anal 
rays in the holotype and the smallest specimen; 
the unbroken pectoral fin of the largest fish ex- 
tends to a point half-way between the ventral 
and the anal fins. The pseudobranchiae are well 
developed; on the inner edge of the first gill 
arch is a series of groups of minute spines and 
1 or 2 slightly enlarged spines on the upper 
limb near the angle. The maxillary reaches the 
posterior margin of the orbit; 1 or 2 very small 
teeth are present on each side of the vomer; 
and on each palatine, anteriorly, are a few still 
smaller teeth. A. ephippiatus differs from A. 
atlanticus in having fewer gill rakers and fewer 
photophores in the ventral series. It is unique 
in its lower pectoral count and in having 1 or 
2 slightly enlarged spines on the inner edge of 
the upper limb of the first gill arch. 
The specimen from the Philippines has the 
tail a little shorter than the trunk; the anal 
origin is below the end of the dorsal fin; there 
is a short gap between the two groups of anal 
rays, situated below the third organ of the mid- 
dle AC group of 5; the pectoral fin extends 
slightly beyond the ventral base; the back is 
damaged and the adipose fin is lost. The pseudo- 
key TO species OF Argyripnus 
la. Anal origin below first few dorsal rays, or slightly anterior to dorsal origin. Gill rakers on 
first arch 17-19 + 5-7 = 22-26. vav + Ac (24-28) + (5) + (16-18) = 46-51. 
IC 62-67 A. atlanticus Maul 
North Atlantic, Hawaii 
lb. Anal origin below posterior half of dorsal fin. Gill rakers on first arch 12—16 + 4-6 = 
16-19 (20 + ?). 2 vav + ac (18-21) + (5) + (12-15) = 35-40. ic 51-56. 
2a. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 13-16. First group of VAV + AC (19-21). 
IC 53-56. Head 2.6 to ca. 3.8 times in standard length. 
3a. Pectoral rays 16-17. Depth 3. 1-3.4 times in standard length. Orbit 2.5-27 times 
in head length . A. iridescens McCulloch 
Australia 
3b. Pectoral rays 15. Depth 3.8-3 -9 times in standard length. Orbit 1.9-2.25 times 
in head length A. ephippiatus Gilbert and Cramer 
Hawaii 
2b. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 12. First group of VAV + AC (18). IC 51. 
Head 3.85 times in standard length (depth 3.8 times in standard length. Orbit 27- 
275 times in head length) . Argyripnus sp. 
Philippines 
2 A. iridescens with 16 on lower limb; number on upper limb, and total count, unknown. 
