94 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXII, January 1968 
1959; D. 19116Q1, on Hypnea, Pokai Bay, 
Oahu, Sept. 15, 1959; D. 19140D1, from 31- 
32 fa, Penguin Bank southwest of Molokai, 
Sept. 7, 1959. A collection by Dawson No. 7472 
from Lake Surprise, Key Largo, Florida, May 
28, 1949, has a number of features in common 
with the Hawaiian specimens. 
The minute size, delayed exogenous branch- 
ing, and frequently tuberous prostrate branches 
are the chief distinguishing features of this 
species. 
Polysiphonia upolensis (Grunow) comb. nov. 
Figs. 6D, 6E, 29, 35, 42 
P. tongatensis? var. upolensis Grunow (1873: 
49) 
Plants 1—2— (3) cm high from limited to 
extensive creeping branches attached by uni- 
cellular rhizoids, which often have finely digi- 
tate tips, and which are cut off as separate cells 
from the pericentral cells ; rhizoids often con- 
spicuously swollen in the middle, to 95 p in 
diameter; prostrate branches 70-l40p in di- 
ameter, composed of segments mostly 1.0-1. 5 
diameters long and slightly nodose; erect 
branches assurgent or arising cicatrigenously 
from prostrate branches, 100-120p in diameter 
and composed of segments (1)-1. 5-2.0 di- 
ameters long and usually not at all nodose, 
pseudodichotomously branched at wide angles 
below and narrower above, at intervals of 14— 
20-(50) segments, the branches arising ex- 
ogenously, independent of trichoblasts or oc- 
casionally cicatrigenously; pericentral cells 4, 
ecorticate; trichoblasts 200-340-(700) p long, 
delicate, measuring 8-1 Op in diameter at the 
base, with l-3-(4) dichotomies and with deli- 
cate tips, arising at intervals of (l)-2-3 seg- 
ments in J spiral sequence, soon deciduous; 
scar-cells relatively small, on prostrate and erect 
branches, and with no obvious wall scars; tetra- 
sporangia 60-80p in diameter in slightly spiral 
series in the ultimate and subultimate branches ; 
cystocarps globular to slightly ovoid, 150-200- 
(275 )p in diameter, with cells of the ostiolar 
rim not noticeably enlarged; spermatangial 
branches 130-190 X 2 2-3 Op commonly with 
1-2-celled sterile tips; arising as a primary 
branch of a trichoblast. 
The type material from the Grunow Her- 
barium at the Natural History Museum, Vienna, 
was collected by Dr. E. Graeffe at Upolu, British 
Samoa. This material consists of six herbarium 
sheets on which are mounted 11 separate speci- 
mens accompanied by five glass microslide 
mounts (dried) and three sketches of detailed 
features, presumably by Grunow. Herbarium 
sheet 7778 probably is most representative of 
the collection and is reproduced in Figure 
42 A—F. It will be noted that two of the speci- 
mens are attached to leaves of a species of 
Halophila. Two were growing on Halimeda sp. 
Examination of the type specimens reveals 
the same detailed features found in the numerous 
collections listed below. The plants of the type 
collection are 2-3 cm high, branches arise at 
intervals of 10-20 segments. Scar-cells occur 
mostly at intervals of 2 segments. Tetrasporangia 
occur in a slightly spiral series of 30-40 seg- 
ments. The cystocarps are globular to 230p in 
diameter with cells of the rim of the ostiole 
not enlarged, and spermatangial branches are 
200-220p long, lanceolate, with a small, mostly 
one-celled, sterile tip. 
ADDITIONAL COLLECTIONS EXAMINED: HA- 
WAIIAN ISLANDS — D. 19576C, on other algae 
Kure I. (near Midway I.) Sept. 12-13, 1961; 
T. 906, on Microdictyon, in beach drift, South- j 
east I., Pearl and Hermes Reef, Sept. 16, 1964; 
D. 22289.2, tetrasporic, cystocarpic in algal mat, 
low intertidal, Kahe Pt. Beach Park, Oahu, 
legit R. Tsuda and R. Buggeln, Jan. 30, 1965; 
D. 22570, on rocks under low bridge at outer 
end of an old rock pier, eastern Molokai, legit 
G. Hollenberg, Apr. 22, 1965; D. 17946.1, 
Maui, legit T. Matsui, Apr. 11, 1959; D. 22365, 
Figs. 37-43. 37, Polysiphonia savatieri, photomicrograph of basal part of plant, with a basal tuft of 
rhizoids. 38, Polysiphonia savatieri, photomicrograph, showing tetrasporangia in erect branches. 39, Poly- 
siphonia tuberosa, showing the tuberous base with rhizoids (the type specimen). 40, Polysiphonia sparsa, 
showing short segments of a vegetative branch. 41, Polysiphonia hawaiiensis, three portions of the type 
collection. 42A-F, Polysiphonia upolensis, photograph of representative specimens from the type collection. 
43, Polysiphonia mollis, probably the type specimen (photograph by W. R. Taylor of the specimen in the 
herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England). 
