210 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXII, April 1968 
NEW SPECIES 
Ceratocephala corallicola 
Euchone enhuetokensis 
Megalomma trioculatum 
Serpula hartmanae 
A total of 97 species are known from Eniwe- 
tok Atoll, 50 from Bikini Atoll, and 2 6 from 
Majuro Atoll. Hartman reported 17 species from 
Rongelap Atoll and 4 from Rongerik Atoll. The 
larger number of species reported from Eniwe- 
tok than from the other atolls is undoubtedly 
because of more extensive collecting there, and 
is not a reflection of any ecological difference. 
In general, more intertidal species of polychaetes 
were collected from the ocean side of an island 
than from the lagoon side. This is probably 
because the greater area on the ocean side ac- 
counts for a greater diversity of ecological 
niches. The shallow water on the lagoon side of 
the islands apparently is quite rich in polychaete 
species, judging from collections made in this 
zone at Parry Island. If the species from the 
shallow, subtidal lagoon waters are included 
with the intertidal ones, then a total of 44 
species were taken from the lagoon side of 
Parry Island, as compared with 31 on the ocean 
side. Therefore it is likely that the number of 
polychaetes known from the Marshall Islands 
could be increased by collections from the 
benthos of the lagoon and the subtidal region 
off the ocean side of the reef. The former zone 
can be studied by making dredge hauls and 
grabs, but collecting from the latter would be 
more difficult. 
SYSTEMATICS 
The polychaetes known from the Marshall 
Islands are arranged systematically by families 
and alphabetically by genus and species. Keys 
to the known species are included under each 
family. References include, in so far as possible, 
citations to published figures of the species. The 
single most useful reference is the study by 
Fauvel (1953) on the polychaetes of India. 
Some abbreviations have been employed. 
Whenever Hartman (1954^) is referred to in 
the text, the date has been omitted. The abbre- 
viation (O) and (L) refer to the ocean and 
lagoon sides of the island. The words "atoll” 
and "island” have been eliminated from the 
collecting data. Information on distribution has 
been condensed to single words or phrases. 
Family polynoidae 
KEY TO THE SPECIES FROM MARSHALL ISLANDS 
1. 12 pairs of elytra 2 
1. 13 pairs of elytra .... Iphione muricata 
1. 15 pairs of elytra 3 
1. 18 or more pairs of elytra 4 
2. One kind of dorsal setae 
Lepidonotus argus 
2. Two kinds of dorsal setae 
Thormora jukesii 
3. Elytra fringed for at least one-half circum- 
ference, with small papillae and large 
vesicle; ventral lamellae conspicuous 
Paralepidonotus ampullifera 
3. Elytra with very little fringe, with small 
papillae; no ventral lamellae 
Harmothoe imbricata 
4. Conspicuous ventral lamellae giving appear- 
ance of elytra; setae entire 
Gastrolepidia claverigera 
4. No ventral lamellae; setae bifid 
Hyperhalosydna striata 
Gastrolepidia claverigera Schmarda 
Fauvel, 1953, pp. 51-52, fig. 22 d-f; Hart- 
man, 1954a, p. 630. Eniwetok: Parry (O), 
Aaraanbiru (O), and by Hartman at Elugelab 
(O). Bikini: Bokonfuaaku (O) by Hartman. 
Rongerik: Bock (O) by Hartman. Specimens 
of this commensal polynoid were taken from the 
holothurians Holothuria atria Jager, H. gyrifer 
Selenka, Actinopygia mauritiana (Quay and 
Gaimard), and Stic hop us barrens (Selenka). 
Indo-Pacific Ocean. 
Harmothoe imbricata? (Linnaeus) 
Fauvel, 1953, pp. 42-43, fig. 19 f-1 ; Hart- 
man, 1954*, p. 6 28. Eniwetok: Bogon (O) 
by Hartman. Cosmopolitan. 
Hyperhalosydna striata (Kinberg) 
Fauvel, 1953, pp. 52-53, fig. 22 i-k; Hart- 
man, 195 4a, p. 628. Bikini Atoll by Hartman. 
Indo-Pacific Ocean, Japan. 
