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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXII, April 1968 
oles, and is 5-7 cm in length. The tube of M. 
vigilans is found among the dorsal setae of the 
polychaete Aphrodite aculeata Linnaeus. 
The specific name refers to the three types of 
eyes present. 
type material: The holotype and two para- 
types have been deposited in the U.S. National 
Museum. 
Family serpulidae 
KEY TO THE SPECIES FROM MARSHALL ISLANDS 
1. Calcareous tube small and spirally coiled 
Spirorbinae 
1. Calcareous tube otherwise 2 
2. Operculum absent Salmacina incrustans 
2. Operculum present 3 
3. Operculum simple 4 
3. Operculum compound 5 
4. Operculum simple funnel 
Serpula hartmanae 
4. Operculum with calcareous plate bearing 
branched spines Spirohranchus giganteus 
4. Operculum with a cylindrical or conical cap 
V ermiliopsis glandigerus 
5. Central crown of operculum with pointed 
spines with lateral processes 
Hydro ides multispinosa 
5. Central crown of operculum with blunt 
spines lacking lateral processes 
Eupomatus albiceps 
Eupomatus albiceps Grube 
Hartman, 1954^, p. 629. 
Hydroides albiceps (Ehrenberg) [sic]. Fau- 
vel, 1953, p. 640, figs. 241 d-e. 
eniwetok: Japtan (O), and from Lidilbut 
(O) and Engebi (O) as reported by Hartman. 
Red Sea, Ceylon, and Marshall Islands. 
Hydroides multispinosa Marenzeller 
Hartman, 1954^, p. 629. Reported from Bi- 
kini Atoll by Hartman; it has not been collected 
since. Indo-Pacific region, southern Australia, 
South Africa. 
Salmacina incrustans Claparede 
Fauvel, 1927, pp. 378-380, fig. 129 1. 
Salmacina sp. Hartman, 1954^, pp. 627-8. 
eniwetok: Eniwetok (L), Rigili (L), En- 
gebi (0,L), Aaraanbim (O), Aniyaanii (L), 
Japtan (L), Bogen (O), and reported by Hart- 
man from Lidilbut (O). bikini: Enyu (O). 
majuro: Uliga (O). The distribution is herein 
extended from the Mediterranean Sea and the 
Madeira Islands. 
Serpula hartmanae, n. sp. 
Fig. 5 (11-16) 
Serpula sp., Hartman, 1954, p. 641. 
Ten specimens were collected from seven sta- 
tions at five islands at Eniwetok and Bikini 
atolls. They ranged from 10 to 15 mm in 
length and possessed about 80 setigerous seg- 
ments, of which 7 comprised the thoracic region. 
The ocean side of Enyu Island at Bikini Atoll 
was selected as the type locality. Both the holo- 
type and the single paratype measured 10 mm 
in length. 
The anterior end bears 14 pairs of branchiae 
which have radioles for nearly their entire 
length. A funnel-shaped operculum (Fig. 5, 
11) has 16-25 crenulations along its margin. 
A constriction occurs at the base of the funnel; 
two knobs are present at the junction of the 
funnel and opercular stalk. The operculum of 
the holotype has 19 crenulations. The collar is 
well developed except where it is separated at 
the mid-dorsal line. The collar is composed of 
two lateral and one ventral lobe. The ventral 
lobe is especially well developed. The collar 
margins overlap along the region of the mid- 
dorsal line in the region of the first and second 
thoracic setigerous segment. 
The thoracic region consists of seven setiger- 
ous segments. The first thoracic segment bears 
5 bayonet- type and 10 capillary-type setae (Figs. 
5, 12 and 13). The notosetae of thoracic seg- 
ments 2 to 7 are capillaries (Fig. 5, 14) and 
number about 12 per lobe. Thoracic uncini are 
provided with one larger and six progessively 
smaller teeth (Fig. 5, 13). 
The abdominal region consists of about 75 
setigerous segments. The abdominal uncini are 
similar to the thoracic uncini. The cup-shaped 
setae of the neuropodium possess one long spine 
and a serrated edge. Some of the posterior 
neuropodia are provided with simple capillaries. 
The calcareous tube is white, circular in cross- 
section, and without ornamentation. 
