474 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XXII, October 1968 
It can be further predicted that the presence 
of G. falcatus in Hawaii will not affect those 
populations of Pseudosquilla ciliata utilizing 
habitats other than coral heads, and that Gono- 
dactylus falcatus will eventually spread to the 
coral head habitat in other islands in the Ha- 
waiian Archipelago. 
SUMMARY 
1. Two species of Gonodactylus — G. falcatus 
(Forskal) and G. benders oni Manning — occur 
on the island of Oahu in the Hawaiian Islands. 
The former is similar to the variety ternatensis 
using Serene’s definition. G. falcatus is the most 
common species of stomatopod found in coral 
heads on Oahu. G. hendersoni is abundant in 
coral heads in some areas. 
2. Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius), which 
14 years ago was the most common stomatopod 
in coral heads, is now not found in coral heads 
on Oahu. 
3. It is suggested that Gonodactylus falcatus 
and G. hendersoni came to the Hawaiian Islands 
from the area of the Philippines or the South 
China Sea by means of concrete barges that 
were towed to the Hawaiian Islands at the end 
of World War II. 
4. G. falcatus is more tolerant of lowered 
salinities than is Pseudosquilla ciliata. A heavy 
rainfall in Kaneohe Bay, which reduced surface 
salinities to as low as 22 per cent seawater, was 
more deleterious to the population of P. ciliata 
in the bay than it was to that of Gonodactylus 
falcatus. 
5. Studies of the plankton of Kaneohe Bay 
indicate that while G. falcatus had two periods 
of breeding during the year sampled, Pseu- 
dosquilla ciliata had only one. 
6. Comparisons of the aggressive behavior of 
Gonodactylus falcatus and Pseudosquilla ciliata 
indicate that the former is "more aggressive’’ 
and can drive the latter from a hole. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
I am grateful to Dr. R. B. Manning, U.S. 
National Museum ; Mr. Bruce Campbell, 
Queensland Museum; Dr. J. C. Yaldwyn, The 
Australian Museum; Dr. L. B. Holthuis, Rijks- 
museum van Natuurlijke Historic; and Mr. C. 
Michel of the Mauritius Institute Museum, for 
the loan of specimens used in this study. Thanks 
are also due to Mr. A. Jackson for his assistance 
in programming the statistical studies, and the 
University of Hawaii Computing Center for 
processing the data, as well as the staff of the 
Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology for assis- 
tance in all phases of this work. Lt. Cdr. W. F. 
Miner, MC, USN, was most helpful in giving 
me information on the Navy’s concrete barges. 
I would also like to thank Dr. E. S. Reese for 
his continuing help and Dr. S. J. Townley for 
his guidance and heuristic criticism throughout 
this study. I am indebted to Dr. W. D. Hartman 
for his reading of the manuscript. 
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