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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. Ill, July, 1949 
commonly in spiral arrangement. Anthocodial 
armature eight points, formed by two or more 
pairs of bent spindles arranged en chevron, with 
one or two smaller spicules filling basal inter- 
space; prominent collaret of four or five rows of 
strongly curved, transversely arranged spindles 
below points. Coenenchyma and verrucae filled 
with multiradiate forms and "Stachelkeulen” of 
the type shown by Hickson ( 1932: 481, text fig. 
6a, b). Leaves of these spicules project from 
surface of coenenchyma and verrucal walls ren- 
dering these surfaces prickly and verrucal orifice 
serrate. Axis dark brown, horny, without cal- 
careous deposits. Color of colony light brick-red, 
sclerites light reddish or orange; opercular 
spindles colorless. 
Spicule measurements: 
"Stachelkeulen”: 0.21 X 0.19 mm.; 0.3 X 0.15 
mm.; 0.2 X 0.175 mm. 
Radiate forms: 0.24 X 0.15 mm.; 0.21 X 0.16 
mm. 
Spindle of opercular point: 0.25 X 0.05 mm. 
Spindle of collaret: 0.31 X 0.02 mm. 
Locality: Stations 9, 23. 
Specimens: The holotype, dry, U.S.N.M. No. 
44082; portions in alcohol U.S.N.M. No. 44083; 
paratypes, dry, U.S.N.M. No. 44081. 
Remarks: The Resurvey Collection contains 
diameter; branches 1.5 mm.; twigs, near the 
ends, 1.0 mm. Anthocodiae retractile into short, 
tubular verrucae, points of the operculum usually 
not entirely withdrawn into it. Verrucae, from 
1.0 to 1.5 mm. in width by slightly less in 
height, scattered irregularly over three sides of 
stems and branches, less abundantly on fourth. 
Calyces usually about 2.0 to 2.5 mm. apart, 
closest toward tips of twigs; two on twig ends 
usually opposed. Anthocodial armature of eight 
points, each formed by two longitudinally ar- 
ranged contiguous spindles bent outward at 
proximal end; a collaret ring composed of two 
curved spindles transversely placed beneath each 
point. Verrucae thickly beset with "Acampto- 
gorgia-type” (Nutting, 1910^) spicules, whose 
foliate and spinose ends project from surface 
and impart a rugose appearance. Coenenchyma 
filled with smaller forms with projecting 
foliaceous part, and two to four root-like, thickly 
warted processes. All sclerites rose-purple, those 
of operculum much paler. Axis horny, with no 
calcareous deposits. Color of colony deep wine- 
purple, with spaces between spicule folia darker; 
zooids brownish; axis light brown. 
Spicule measurements: 
Opercular spindles: 0.35 X 0.09 mm.; 0.33 X 
0.06 mm. 
three specimens which measure as follows: 
Collaret spindles: 0.27 
X 0.055 mm.; 
0.25 X 
The holotype: 190 mm. high, 114 mm. wide 
(Sta. 23). 
0.04 mm. 
Foliate spicules of the 
verrucae and 
coenen- 
The paratypes: 190 mm. high, 207 mm. wide 
(Sta. 9); 86 mm. high, 36 mm. wide (Sta. 9). 
chyma: 
Width 
Diameter 
of roots 
at base 
Height 
of 
folia 
Width 
of 
folia 
This species appears to have been undescribed 
across 
roots 
heretofore, and I take pleasure in dedicating it 
to Dr. R. Dana Russell, through whose efforts 
0.32 
VERRUCAE 
0.06 0.145 
0.09 
the specimens were obtained. 
0.45 
0.08 
0.12 
0.17 
0.41 
0.05 
0.15 
0.15 
Genus V illogorgi A Duchassaing and 
0.30 
0.06 
0.145 
0.19 
Michelotti 
0.39 
0.05 
0.215 
0.10 
Villogorgia zimmer mani new species 
0.63 
0.12 
0.23 
0.13 
Figs, la, 3 e-h; PI. 3, fig. 1 
0.45 
0.10 
0.29 
0.16 
Diagnosis: Colony erect, flabellate, branched 
in one plane; without anastomosis. Branching 
0.18 
COENENCHYMA 
0.04 0.10 
0.16 
alternate, opposite, and sometimes unilateral for 
0.19 
0.06 
0.11 
0.175 
considerable distances. Stems round, 3.0 mm. in 
0.13 
0.35 
0.06 
0.09 
